A PRIMITIVE WP:AVINa FRAME. 



505 



dili'eiuMit colonHl warps, quite similar to tiioso, of the Finlanders 

 (Plate 5). A number of sections of reed or split mestjuite sticks are 

 laid parallel, as in the batten of the ordinary loom. These are 

 fastened at their ends on two par- 

 allel sticks, which constitute the 

 framework, whose length depends 

 upon the number of warp threads 

 to ))e inserted in the garter or belt. 



An interesting feature in the struc- 

 ture of many of these pueblo hed- 

 dles is the occurrence of the woodcni 

 c-ross piece at the upper part, on the 

 opposite side from the cross piece 

 at the l)ottom. When one of these 

 heddles is held perpendicularly in 

 the hand, if the upper cross stick 

 is on the side next to the eye, the lower one wi 

 away from the eye (tig. 15). 



The Algonquin Indians sit upon the ground at their work; so do 

 the })uebl() trilies. Hence the free-swinging heddle is more convenient 

 for them. The same may be true of the east German types. Fig. 16 



Fig. 15. 



SKETCHES SHOWING METHOD OI' ATTACHING THE 

 HEALnSTOTHECROSSBARSIN I'UEIil.O HEDDLES. 



))e on th<>. outside 







Fig. 16. 



PUEBLO WOMAN SITTING ON THE GROUND AND WORKING HEDDLE IN WEAVING A BELT. 



shows the attachment of the warp to the cylindrical stick in front of 

 the weaver, which by courtesy may be called the primitive "cloth 

 beam." It is held in place by a strap around the back, buttoned on 

 the end of the roller, serving also as a roller for the finished work. 

 The method of administering the heddle and the batten is clearly 

 exhibited (tig. 16). 



