A PRIMITIVE WEAVINC} FRAME. 509 



Plate 7. — Colleftioii of Pueblo hc'ddU's, inarki'd Zuui, l)ut tliey are (luite as 

 likely to be Moki. U.S.N.M. 



Fig. 2. — Crossbars of willow twigs; sixteen healds, 5i inches long, made of splints 

 of wood, rudely whittled and fastened to the crossbars by wrapping of ra\vlii<le and 

 rags. This is a very rude specimen. Length of crossbars, 71 inches. Znni, New 

 Mexico. Cat. No. 75732, U.S.N.M. Collected by James Stevenson. 



Fi<i. 8. — Crossbars of twig; forty healds of cane splints, 5^ inches long, notched at 

 either end to be fastened against the crossbars on alternate sides by rawhide string 

 and rags. It is specially noteworthy that the ends of the bars are not opposite to 

 each other. Zuni, New Mexico. Cat. No. 75731, U.S.N.M. Collected by James 

 Stevenson. 



Fig. 4. — Crossbars of splints of wood, rectangular in cross section and regularly 

 notclied in on the broad side for securing the thirty-five healds which are made 

 of thin splints of wood, 6| inches long, and noti-hed at the ends and fastened to 

 the crossbars by a lashing of leather. This specimen has the appearance of having 

 been much used. Moki pueblo. Cat. No. 127688, U.S.N.M. Collected by James 

 Stevenson. 



Fig. 5. — Crossbars of sticks of wood rectangular in cross section; forty-four healds, 

 the shorter ones 6f inches long, are fastened to the crossbars by wrapping of leather 

 string. On either side of the middle are three groups of healds rising above the 

 upper crossbars by a series of steps. Moki pueblo. New Mexico. Cat. No. 127688 (a), 

 U.S.N.M. Collected by James Stevenson. 



Plate 8. — Figures of two heddles from Moki Indians, New Mexico. Collected 

 by Mrs. Stevenson. 



Fig. 1. — Crossbars of sticks, perforated for the fastening of the forty-eight healds, 

 of split cane, 6 inches long, which are attached to the crosspieces by means of a 

 leather string rove through the holes in the ends of the healds and through the 

 crossbars. Both ends of each heald are on the same side of the crossbars. 



This specimen is unique in the manner of attachment, since most of the healds are 

 fastened to the crossbars by wrapping, but in this case they are sewed together by 

 means of leather thong. Moki Indians, New Mexico. Cat. No. 127688(b), U.S.N.M. 

 Collected by James Stevenson. 



Fig. 2.- -Crossbars, one of stick, the other a flat piece of wood resembling a bow. 

 There are eighty-nine healds, consisting of small reeds not split, 75 inches long, 

 neatly wrapped at their ends with fine thread attaching them to the crossbars. The 

 two ends of these healds, as in other best examples, are on different sides of the 

 crossbars. The great number of healds, their neat lashing, and the position of the 

 crossbars on different sides of the healds, mark this as a well-used and genuine 

 example. Two reeds are broken out, and their places have been filled by woollen 

 yarn with knotted stirrups in the middle to take the place of the holes in the healds. 

 Moki Indians. Cat. No. 166695, U.S.N.M. Collected by James Mooney. 



It has been seen already, from the plates and descriptions, that 

 an)ono- the Zufii and other Pueblo Indians a special batten is used for 

 beating home the weft. In the simple tape-weaving devices in Con- 

 necticut the forefinger of the weaver is used as a batten, the shuttle 

 serving merel}^ to carry the warp thread back and forth through the 

 "sheds." In the Finland examples, in those of Germany, and perhaps 

 elsewhere, a wooden bobbin with open ends carries the warp filament, 

 while in other examples either one or both ends of the bobbin are 

 carved into the shape of the shuttle used in net making, and the edges 

 of this wooden bobbin in all cases are made in the form of a knife 



