396 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1934 



the others and in addition it had been oval in form. The ends were 

 curved and the sides straight. The main construction had been wattle 

 and daub with supporting posts and intervening canes. Both the 

 heavy posts and the canes had been set in a narrow trench, a feature 

 not present in the circular houses. A short entrance passage had 

 been placed at the east side. From the south end of the structure 

 a palisade had extended some distance to the base of one of the 

 major mounds. An interesting fact connected with this building 

 was that an older structure of similar form and size had occupied 

 almost the identical spot. The outline of the older or first structure 

 was traced below the floor and surrounding outside occupation level 

 of the later building. There was no suggestion of any appreciable 

 time interval between the two as there were only a few inches of fill 

 between the two floor levels. This fill did not have the appearance 

 of gradual accumulation — rather that of material deposited all at 

 one time. 



The refuse deposits were in no case either extensive or deep. The 

 material comprising the middens was largely mussel shells, animal 

 and fish bones, charcoal, ashes, potsherds, stone chips, and stone 

 spalls. All of the refuse mounds were completely covered by recent 

 accumulations of earth and there was no evidence of their existence 

 on the present surface. 



The embankment extending across the ridge was trenched in sev- 

 eral places for a distance of several hundred feet, and the molds 

 made in the earth by the posts of the palisade were clearly in evi- 

 dence. At several points along the palisade were indications of 

 bastions or watchtowers. At one place the embankment was broken 

 by a small ravine. Since the remains of the palisade extended to 

 the edges of the gully on each side but did not go down across it, 

 the ravine may have been eroded after the Indian occupation. The 

 break occurred at a section of the palisade which would have ren- 

 dered the whole feature practically useless from the standpoint of 

 protection liad it been present at the time the site was inhabited. 



The burial mound was sectioned, a large block of earth being re- 

 moved from its center and also along one side (pi. 8, fig. 2). Thirty 

 interments were uncovered during this operation. The latter in 

 most cases gave clear-cut evidence that they had been placed in the 

 mound subsequent to its erection. All of these burials were in the 

 flexed position, the legs bent and the knees drawn up. There was 

 considerable variation in the positions of the hands and arms. In 

 a majority of cases the head was toward the east. On the gi-ound 

 level near the center of the mound there originally was a log- or 

 timber-covered burial pit which apparently had contained four 

 bodies. It was impossible to obtain correct data on this feature be- 



