JENINGS] 



KOREAN HEADDRESSES 



157 



millet. The exterior and interior of the straw are of different color 

 and form a pleasing variety in the weave. It is stoutly braced 

 inside with hoops of bamboo and gives effective protection against 

 wind and storm. 



Confucianism prevails among the higher classes in Korea and 

 its influence permeates all classes of citizens. Confucius gave 

 the order that mourning for three years should be worn for the loss 

 of either parent, a custom strictly followed by Koreans. White is 

 a mark of mourning, and all articles of mourning costume are 

 covered with sack-cloth. The mourning hat, or pang gat, is largely 



Fig. 14. — Royal chair-bearer's hat. (No. 202,886.) 



in evidence in Korea (fig. 12, a) ; it is made of bamboo splints, the 

 edges scalloped and finished with braiding, and is crowned with a 

 rosette of bamboo. A frame to fit the head is fastened inside, and 

 from it hang tying strings of twisted paper. It is 14 inches high 

 and of 25 inches diameter, and is designed to hide the face, it 

 being considered a grievous breach of etiquette to look into the 

 face of a mourner. Taking advantage of this custom before Korea 

 was opened to foreigners, Jesuit priests disguised themselves as 

 mourners and lived among and taught the people for a long time 



