﻿3§ SMITHSONIAN -MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS [VOL. 47 



internal features with the Lorraine Constellaria florida, and differs 

 only in growth and in the arrangement and size of the " stars." The 

 usual growth obtaining in C. florida is of rather broad, flat branches, 

 seldom less than 10 mm. in breadth and 3 or 4 mm. in thickness, 

 dividing rather regularly at intervals of several centimeters. C. 

 florida emaciata, however, is dwarfed in growth, the branches being 

 usually rounded and from 3 to 5 mm. in diameter, but sometime? 

 reaching a breadth of 6 or 7 mm. Division occurred at short, irreg- 

 ular intervals, and an entire zoarium consisted of a small clump 

 of closely interwoven narrow branches, instead of a rather broad 

 expansion as in C. florida. Another difference is in the shape of the 

 stellate maculae which, although of about the same size in both spe- 

 cies and variety, are more sharply and narrowly rayed in the variety 

 than in the species. 



Occurrence. — The types are from the Constellaria bed at the top 

 of the Bigby limestone at Columbia, Tennessee, where specimens can 

 be found literally by the million. The species occurs abundantly also 

 in the shaly parts of the Catheys limestone. Mt. Pleasant, Nash- 

 ville, and many other localities in the Central Basin might be men- 

 tioned where the variety may be had in abundance. 



Cat. No. 43,208, U. S. N. M. 



Family BATOSTOMELLID^E Ulrich 

 This family stands for the present essentially as defined by Ulrich 

 in 1890 1 and again in 1896. 2 When worked up with the care be- 

 stowed upon some of the other families, notably the Heterotrypidce, 

 doubtless some changes will become necessary. Our present effort 

 consists of a few remarks and figures tending to fix the characters 

 of two genera of the family, namely, Lioclema and Lioclemclla, 

 while a revision of the Stenoporoids will form the subject of a 

 future paper. 



Genus Lioclema Ulrich 

 Recent study of a considerable amount of material from several 

 Silurian horizons shows that this generic type, which began with a 

 single species in the Richmond, was more prolific in species in Silu- 

 rian times than we suspected. Adding these undescribed species to 

 those previously known, and considering that this group ranges in 

 time from the Richmond to the close of the Mississippian, the genus 

 has grown to be the most important of the trepostomatous genera 

 having representatives in the Paleozoic rocks. Under these cir- 



1 Geol. Surv. Illinois, vnr, p. 375. 



"Zittel, Text-book Pal. (Engl, ed.), p. 277. 



