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~6 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS [VOL. 47 



enter the ground in a slanting direction to a depth of about one 

 inch. The rebound occasioned by the spring in the crooked lower 

 end causes the implement to jump upward, to clear itself of the hole 

 made, to throw the dirt aside, and to move forward to make a new 

 hole. These are about six inches apart. The women follow the 

 men and drop a few grains of rice into each hole. The children 

 come last, running about the field dragging branches of trees. This 

 brushes the loose dirt back into the holes, covers the rice grains, and 

 completes the planting. The work is enlivened by the clattering of 

 the split tops of the tugdas and the shouts of the men. Very often 

 the working crowd will be accompanied by musicians, who sing and 

 play while the work is going on. 



The structure of the tugda in detail will be seen by reference to 

 plate lii and the description accompanying it. The stem of tugda 

 measures 16 feet i J / 2 inches; the length of the point is I foot 9 

 inches. 



Explanation of Plate LII 



a. Lower, working part of the tugda. The natural bend of the bamboo 

 stem at the bottom and the method of attaching the point are shown. 



b. 1 and 2. Drill-point of tough bamboo, front and side views. The bands 

 to prevent splitting are of rattan. 



c. 1 and 2. Upper portion of the tugda, showing method of ornamentation 

 and opening for sound holes. The braided band (2) was put on after the 

 specimen was sawed in two for transportation. The tugda is made from a 

 single stem. 



d. Lower portion of decorated half. The decoration is from Spanish mo- 

 tives partly, but the etched rings are of native design. 



e. Upper portion showing the split top forming the noisy clapper. The 

 two halves fly apart and then together at every stroke on the ground. 



