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SMITH SO. MAX M ISCLLLANEOUS COLLECTIONS 



[vol. 47 



ice tongue, which has since been in slow but nearly steady retreat, 

 wasting at the end, the surface and eastern side (pi. lxix, a). The 

 lower portion is so smooth and free from crevasses that three dis- 

 tinct drainage areas have been developed, two marginal and a cen- 

 tral one, which possess large numbers of surface streams through 

 which is conducted the water resulting from the melting of the ice 

 and that which falls upon the surface as rain. The central area has 



Fig. 84. — Three hundred-foot archway, Wapta glacier, from which issues the 

 North Branch of the Kicking Horse. Photographed by De Forrest Ross. 



developed a single trunk stream which passes lengthwise of the 

 tongue, eroding a relatively large channel in the ice and delivering 

 its waters to the glacial brook at the nose. The ice closely hugs the 

 nunalak which it has been glaciating and " plucking." 



3. Drainage. — Since its discovery the Wapta has maintained, just 

 west of its nose, a great archway of ice, with a span of 250 ft. and 

 height of perhaps 70 ft. 1 tig. 84). Through this there issues from 

 the glacier the North Branch of the Kicking Horse, a rapid but 

 shallow stream 240 ft. broad. This stream represents the wastage 



