I. 

 II. 



Ill, IV. 



V. 



VI. 



VII. 

 VIII. 



IX. 

 X. 



XL 



XII. 



XIII. 



XIV. 



XV. 



XVI. 



XVII, XVIII. 



XIX. 



XX. 



XXI. 



XXII. 



XXIII. 

 XXIV. 



XXV. 



XXVI. 



XXVII. 



XXVIII. 



XXIX. 



XXX. 



XXXI. 



XXXII. 

 XXXIII 

 XXXIV 



LIST OF PLATES 



Page 



Bclonostomus comptoni Agassiz 30 



Tharrhias araripis Jordan and Branner. Type, Serra do 



Araripe, Ceara, Brazil • 3° 



Calamopleiirus cylindricus Agassiz. Ceara 3° 



C alamo pleums vestitus Jordan and Branner. Type, Ceara. 30 

 I. Head of Notelops brama (Agassiz). Ceara, Brazil. 2. 



Rhacolepis buccalis. 3. Rhacolepis latus 3° 



Ennclcs audax Jordan and Branner 3° 



I. Cladocyclus gardncri Agassiz. 2. Cearana rochce Jor- 

 dan and Branner 3° 



Henry Nettelroth ^^^ 



I. The falls of the Ohio at low water. 2. One of the Bear 



Grass quarries ^^4 



3. Louisville limestone along Bear Grass creek, in Chero- 

 kee Park, just above Big Rock. 4. Niagaran strata 



along Bear Grass creek, showing Big Rock 126 



Opuntia vivipara Rose ^53 



Type of Indian of the Peruvian region 181 



Type of Indian of the Peruvian region 188 



Opuntia Santa-Rita Rose 195 



Richard Rush (1780-1859) 235 



Uintacriniis socialis from Kansas • 268 



Map of Formosa, showing distribution of savage tribes... 288 

 (a) The "Konkai" or dwelling-house of the unmarried 



males, (b) Human skulls on the skull shelves 294 



(a) Savage "Dug-outs" on Lake Candidius, in Central 



Formosa, (b) Atayal savage village 294 



(a) Atayal women weaving cloth, (b) Married Atayal 



294 



woman ^^ 



Young female white whale (Delphinapterus leucas) 33° 



The Pleiades, i. At the Yerkes Observatory. 2. At Mount 



Wilson 337 



Mount Wilson as seen from Mount Harvard 338 



Coelostat and second mirror of Snow telescope 339 



South end of Snow telescope house on Mount Wilson.... 340 



Direct photograph of the sun 340 



The spectroscopic laboratory on Mount Wilson 342 



I. Titanium oxide flutings in spectra. 2. Spectrum of sun. 344 

 The s-foot spectroheliograph, mounted for use with the 



Snow telescope 35 



The sun, photographed with the S-foot spectroheliograph. 351 

 The sun, photographed with the 5-foot spectroheliograph. 352 

 Bright H and K lines on the disk (a), (b), and (c), in 



the chromosphere (b) and in a prominence (a) 353 



vii 



