NO. 1820 RECENT CRINOIDS FROM PHILIPPINES CLARK 2O3 



Genus PHANOGENIA Loven 



PHANOGENIA TYPICA Loven 



Station No. ,5138; between Jolo and Pangasinan Island; 19 

 fathoms. 



Station No. 5139; between Jolo and Pangasinan Island; 20 

 fathoms. 



Dissection shows that the costals in this species, in P. multihrach- 

 iata, in P. novcc-guinecs, and in P. gracilis of Hartlaub are united by 

 synarthry and not by syzygy, the dorso-ventral ridge across the joint 

 face being always plainly visible, at least near the central canal. 

 The distichals are ordinarily 4 (3 -|- 4) ; but all the succeeding 

 division-series are 2 (i + 2) ; the distichals are rarely 2. In Coina- 

 tula pectinata the division series, when present, are 2 (i -rf- 2), as in 

 C. paucicirra, and the costals are also united by syzygy. In Phano- 

 genia typica the syzygies in the division series sometimes have traces 

 of the synarthrial ridge which would seem to show that the syzygies 

 were in the process of encroaching upon the synarthries of the divis- 

 ion series, but had not yet succeeded in replacing the two first. 



Phanogenia typica, P. multibrachiata , P. novcE-guinecB, and P. 

 gracilis,^ therefore, occupy an intermediate position between Coma- 

 tula and the group of species of "Actinometra" typified by the 

 Alecto parvicirra of Muller, having the costals and distichals of the 

 latter, but the remaining division series of the former; they further 

 differ from both in the great differentiation of the comb on the 

 lower pinnules ; this comb, moreover, is not confined to the proximal 

 pinnules, as in other forms, but reappears at intervals all along the 

 arm. There is a sixth, undescribed, species from the East Indies 

 allied to P. typica and P. gracilis, and presenting the same peculiar- 

 ities ; in view of the sharp differentiation between these and the other 

 species of the Comasteridas, it would give a more correct idea of the 

 systematic value of their characters to restrict the genus Phanogenia 

 to them, and to consider the species with distichals 4 (3+4) oi" 2, 

 subsequent division series 4 (3 + 4) or 2 as constituting the genus 

 Comanthus, typified by the Alecto parvicirra of Johannes Miiller ' 

 (=Comatula rotalaria Lamarck). 



These two genera may be differentiated as follows : 



a\ — First articulation of the free arm a syzygy ; all division series except the 

 first 2 (1+2) ; terminal comb short, with long curved teeth, and set at 

 an angle to the axis of the pinnules, not confined to the proximal pin- 

 nules, but occurring at intervals throughout the arm Phanogenia 



' To which must be added P. distincta. 



