104 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 63 



A fourth is the Forest School in the Mctoria Louise Children's 

 Sanatorium at Hohenlychen. It was established August i, 1903. 

 Pastor A'lickley is in charge. These are the pioneer schools and 

 many others have since been established. 



The most successful private open air schools in Germany are 

 conducted by Prof. Dr. Gustav Pannwitz, the honorary secretary 

 of the International Association for the Prevention of Tuberculosis. 

 They are situated at Hohenlychen, about tv^o hours by rail from Ber- 

 lin, near Templin, on the hilly plateau which is called the " Mecklen- 

 burgisch — Pommersche — Seenplatte," between the East Sea and 

 Spree Rivers. There are extensive forests of fir, a large lake with 

 an island of 240 acres belonging to the school. It is conducted on 

 the most modern hygienic principles. 



An open air school was established at Bostall-Heath, near Wool- 

 wich, England, in 1907 ; in France, at Lyons, Vincennes and Bou- 

 logne ; in Switzerland, at Lausanne, open from June 5 to Septem- 

 ber 23, at Zurich and Geneva. The " Rayon de Soleil " at Geneva, is 

 for very young children ; so also " Les Oisillons " at Lausanne. 



In the United States the first fresh air school for tuberculous 

 children was established in Providence, Rhode Island. Dr. Ellen A. 

 Stone and Dr. Mary S. Packard had a small day camp during the 

 surnmer.of 1907 for children suspected of having tuberculosis. They 

 soon became convinced that a fresh air school ought to be started 

 for the benefit of the tuberculous children of Providence and they 

 asked the help of Dr. Jay Perkins, Chairman of the Providence 

 League for the Suppression of Tuberculosis in getting a single 

 small school, necessarily ungraded, for those children, arranged 

 so as to approximate an out of door school. At the camp which these 

 physicians had been conducting there were about ten children who 

 would soon have to go back to the ordinary schools or else would 

 be at home in close rooms. 



In response to this appeal Dr. Perkins enHsted the sympathy of the 

 Superintendent of Schools, Mr. Walter H. Small, and with Judge 

 Rueckert and Dr. Charles V. Chapin, the school committee estab- 

 lished the first fresh air public school in America. 



A school house not then in use and centrally located was requested 

 for use and granted, and the necessary changes were made. The 

 result was that they had to begin with a room on the second floor 

 the full size of the building, about 40 by 25 feet, with windows on 

 three sides. The brick wall on one-half of the southerly side was 

 removed and windows substituted, these windows extending from 

 near the floor to the ceiling, with hinges at the top and pulleys ar- 



