8o Table 56. 



COMPRESSIBILITY AND BULK MODULI OF SOLIDS. 



SoUd. 



Crystals : Barite . . 

 Beryl . . 

 Fluorspar 

 Pyrites 

 Quartz 

 Rock salt 

 Sylvine . 

 Topaz . . 

 Tourmaline 



Brass 



Copper 



Delta metal ... 



Lead 



Steel 



Glass 



Compression 



per unit 

 volume per 

 atmo. X lo^. 



1-93 



0.747 



1.20 



1. 14 



2.67 



4.20* 



7-45* 

 0.61 

 0.1 13 



0-95 

 0.86 

 1.02 

 2.76 

 0.68 

 ;.2-2.9 



Authority. 



Voigt 



Amagat 



Buchanan 



Amagat 



Calculated values of bulk 

 modulus in — 



Grams per 



sq. cm. 



535 X 106 



1384 " 



860 " 



906 " 



387 " 



246 " 



138 " 



1694 " 



9140 " 



1090 " 



1202 " 



1012 " 



374 " 



1518 " 



405 " 



Pounds per 

 sq. in. 



7.61 X I0« 



19.68 " 



12.24 " 



12.89 " 



5-5° " 



3.50 " 



1.97 " 



24.11 " 



130.10 " 



15.48 " 



17.10 " 



14.41 " 



5-32 " 



21.61 " 



5-76 " 



Note: Winklemann, Schott, and Straulel (Wied Ann. 6i, 63, 1897; 68, 1899) give the following coefficients (among 

 others) for various Jena glasses in terras of the volume decrease divided by the increase of pressure expressed in kilo- 

 grams per square millimeter: 



The following values in cm' / Kg of io« X Compressibility are given for the corresponding temperatures by Griineisen 

 Ann. der Phys. 33, p. 65, 1910. 



Al. — 191°, 1.32; 17°, 1.46; 125°, 1.70. Fe. — 190°, 0.61 ; iS°, 0.63 ; 165°, 0.67. 



Cu. —191°, 0.72; 17°, 0.77; 165°, 0.83. Ag.— 191°, 0.71; 16°, 0.76; 166°, 0.86. 



Pt. — 189°, 0.37 ; 17°. 0-39 ; 164°, 0.40. Pb. — 191°, (2.5) ; 14°, (3.2) 



* Rontgen and Schneider by piezometric experiments obtained 5.0 X 10-^ for rock salt, and 5.6 X io-« for sylvine 

 (Wied. Ann., vol. 31). 



References to Tables 55 and 56. 



Liquids (Table 55) : 



1 Amagat, Ann. chlm. phys. (6) 29, 1893. 



2 Rontgen, Wied. Ann. 44, p. i, 1891. 



3 Amagat, C. R. 68, p. 1170, 1S69; Ann. 



chim. phys. (5) 28, 1883. 



4 Pagliani- Palazzo, Mem. Acad. Lin. (3) 19, 



1883. 



5 Grimaldi, Zeitschr. Phys. Chem. i, 1887. 



6 de Metz, Wied. Ann. 41, p. 663, 1890; 47, 



p. 706, 1892. 



7 Barus, Sill. Journ. 39, p. 478, 1890; 41, 1891 ; 



Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv. 1892. 

 Solids (Table 56) : 

 Amagat, C. R. 108, p. 228, 1889 ; J. de Phys. (2) 



8, p.197, 18S9. 



8 Quincke, Wied. Ann. 19, p. 401, 1883. 



9 Amagat, Ann. chim. phys. (6) 22, p. 95, 1891. 



10 Aime, Ann. chim. phys. (3) 8, p. 268, 1843. 



11 Colladon-Sturm, Pogg. Ann. 12, p. 39, 1828. 



12 Martini. 



13 de Heen, Bull. Acad. Roy. Belg. (3) 9, 1885. 



14 Bartoli, Rend Lomb. (2) 28, 29, 1896. 



15 Protz, Ann. der Phys. (4) 31, p. 127, 1910. 

 See also Bridgman, Proc. Ann. Acad. 48, p. 309, 



191 2 (HjO) 49, p. 3, 1913 (alcohols, etc.) ; 

 49, p. 627, 1914 (high pressure technique). 



Buchanan, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinb. 10, 1880. 

 Voigt, Wied. Ann. 31, 1887; 34, 1888, 36, 

 1888. 



Smithsonian Tables. 



