XO. 8 SMITHSONIAN EXPLORATIONS, I913 21 



(lescril)C(l from specimens olUained in Canada, and its discovery in 

 Montana greallv extends its known o-eoorai)liical and fj^eological 

 rano-e. The species was not l)efore represented in tlie National 

 Museum coUeclions. 



Less perfect skeletons of carnivorous and armored dinosaurs, tur- 

 tles, crocodiles, and ganoid fishes were also obtained. Altogether the 

 material is a most welcome addition to the fossil vertebrate collection 

 in the National Museum, which has lieen deficient in representatives 

 of this highly interesting but little known fauna. 



LIFE ZONES TN THE ALPS 



During the summer of 1904, Messrs. G. S. Miller, Jr. and Leonhard 

 Stejneger, of the National Museum, visited the Western Ali^s in an 

 endeavor to ascertain the limits of the life zones which, in that part 

 of Europe, might correspond to those of North America established 

 chiefiy through the efforts of the V. S. Biological Survey. That a 

 system of such life zones exists in Europe has long been more or 

 less vaguely stated bv authors, but although a definite correlation was 

 established bv the gentlemen mentioned, certain points, especially the 

 interrelation of the zones corresponding to the so-called Canadian 

 and Hudsonian life zones in America, were greatly obscured by the 

 long continued interference of man and animals with Nature, such 

 as the grazing of cattle in the high Alps, deforestation, and, more 

 recentlv, artificial reforestation. 



It was thought that the eastern Alps might show more primitive 

 conditions, and in the spring of 191 3, Mr. Stejneger took advantage 

 of an opportunity to visit the mountain region between Switzerland 

 and the head of the Adriatic, through a small grant from the Smith- 

 sonian Institution. I'nseasonable and rainy weather interfered greatly 

 with the carrying out of his investigation. He arrived in the town 

 of Bassano at the foot of the V^enetian Alps on April 20, 191 3, it 

 being his plan to study the life zones of the A'al Sugana and the pla- 

 teau of the Sette Comuni from that point. This plateau descends ab- 

 ruptly to the Venetian plain on the south, while to the east and north it 

 is separated from the mass of the Eastern Alps by the \'al Sugana, or 

 the valley of the river ?)renta, and on the west by the lower part of 

 the valley of the Adige. or Etsch. It is intersected by the boundary 

 line between Italy and Austrian Tirol. 



From A|)ril 21 to May 6, he made a series of excursions from 

 Bassano, Levico. and Trento as successive headquarters, during 



