NO. 9 



OLFACTORY SENSE OF INSECTS McINDOO 



53 



TABLE II— Continued 



Siiimiiary of author's experiments with spiders and I lyinenoptera to determine 

 the location of the olfactory or'^ans 



Species. 



V Api 



V " 



V " 



5 " 



V 



5 " 



$ " 



V ■' 

 5 " 

 $ " 



5 " 



Experiment. 



Average reac- 

 tion time. 



Unmutilated. Winged, nor- 

 mal in behavior. 



Maxillae and labial palpi cut 

 off. Abnormal in behavior. 



Proboscis cut off. Abnormal 

 in behavior. 



Mandibles cut off. Abnor- 

 mal in behavior. 



Flour paste in moutli. Ab- 

 normal in behavior. 



Wings cut off beyond pores. 

 Normal in behavior. 



Stings extracted. Normal 

 in behavior. 



Glue on thorax as control. 

 Normal in behavior. 



Vaseline on abdomen as con- 

 trol. Normal in behavior. 



Flagella burned off. Abnor- 

 mal in behavior. 



Flagella glued. Abnormal 

 in behavior. 



Wings pulled off. Normal 

 in behavior. 



Bases of wings glued. Nor- 

 mal in behavior. 



Pores on legs covered with 

 vaseline. Normal in be- 

 havior. 



Wings pulled off and pores 

 on legs covered with vas- 

 eline. Normal in behavior. 



for 

 three 

 odors. 



Sec. 



for 



six 



odors. 



.Sec. 



No. of 

 indi- 

 vid- 

 uals 



tested. 



2.64 

 2.9 



3.40 37 

 4-0 I 19 

 ! 22 



3.5 4.8 j 20 



2.68 



30 



2.86 



2 . 76 



2.73 



4 . 00 



2 . 90 



22.20 27.10 28 



I 



18.50 28.20 20 

 5.20 8.00 20 



36 .90 40 . 00 20 



Averag-e length 

 of life in cap- 

 tivity. 



Days. Hrs. 



3 

 



7 



o 



12 



23 

 6 



3 

 3 



17 

 



20 

 3 

 3 



" six odors " used for the ants and hornets are those from oil of 

 peppermint, oil of thyme, oil of wintergreen. honey and comb, leaA-es 

 and stems of pennyroyal, and formic acid. The " six odors " used 

 for the honey bees are the same as those tised for ants and hornets, 

 except pollen was employed instead of formic acid. 



The preceding' table shows the following : ( i ) When the pedi- 

 palpi (slightly comparable to the antennae of insects") of spiders are 

 pulled off, the arachnids are normal in behavior and the reaction 

 time is practically the same as when unmutilated individuals are 



