LIMN^A. 45 



Shells of Vermont, in Thorns. Hist. 153 (1842).— Anonymous, Can. 



Nat. ir, 199, iig. (1857). 

 Limnsra fragilis (not of Linn^ds),' .Haldeman, Mon. 20, pi. vi, xv, f. 



1 (1842) ; 53, pi. xiv, f. 1— DeKay, N. Y. Moll. 68, pi. iv, f. 68 (1843). 

 Limnuea palustris, Mullek {Buccinum), &c. — Sheppakd (1829), Tr. Lit. 



Hist. Soc. Quebec, I, 196. 

 Limnaea nuttalhana, Lea, Pr. A. P. S. II, 33 (1841 ) ; Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. 



IX, 9 (1844) • Obs. II, 9.— KtJSTER {LiiansEus) in Ch. ed. 2, 38, pi. 



vii, f. 5. 

 Zimna'a p/e6eia, Gould? (see below). 

 Limnsea expansa, Haldeman, Mon. 29, pi. ix, f, 6-8 (1842) ; Suppl. to 



part I, p. 3 (1840).— DeKay, N. Y. Moll. 75, pL xxxvi, f, 348 (1843). 



— KiisTER (ZmnasMs) in Chemn. ed. 2, 39, pi. vii, f. 6, 7. 



Ranging from New England, through Pennsylvania and Kansas, 

 to California and Oregon. Very numerous in British America, 

 reaching a high latitude, as shown by specimens from Hudson's 

 Bay and Fort Resolution. 



Mr. Say suggests the identity of L. elodes with the European 

 L. palustris. I have no doubt of it, the species being one of the 

 circumpolar forms common to the three continents. I have given 

 the original description above, and Fig. 60 is a fac-simile of one 

 of Say's. It is a very variable species, sometimes scarcely to be 

 distinguished from L. rejlexa, as remarked under that species 

 (p. 39). Limnsea plebeia is also referred to under L. refiexa (p. 

 40). Dr. James Lewis unites L. catascopium and 

 L. emarginata to L. elodes. S- d1- 



Limnaea nuttalliana appears to me a form of 

 this species. My opinion is based on a careful 

 examination of specimens so labelled by Mr. Lea. 

 The original description here follows, and a draw- 

 ing of the original specimen. So little does this 

 figure (62) correspond with L. palustris that, judg- 

 ing by it alone, I should be inclined to reverse my 

 opinion of the identitj of nuttalliana with palustris. 

 It is one of the points to which attention must be 

 directed. No. 8256 and 825T were labelled L. 

 nuttalliana by Mr. Lea. One of them is here figured (Fig. 61). 

 No. 8318 and 8474 are also this form. 



Limnaea nuttalliana. — Shell ovately conical, rather thin, striate, sub- 

 diaphanous, pale brown, imperforate ; spire rather short ; apex red ; 



' L. fragilis, of Linnsens, {"s synonymous with L. sfr/c/nn/'.';. 



