VIVIPARA. 



23 



Tlie columella termination of the lip partially covers a very small 

 umbilicus. The length of fully developed shell is 14, its-breadth 11 lines. 

 ( Valenciennes.) 



PaluiUna carinata, Valenciennes, in Humboldt and Bonpland (1833), 

 Eec. d'Obs. II, 252, pi. Ivi, f. 2, a 6.— Kijster, in Chemn. ed. 2, 

 p. 28, pi. vi, f. 6, 7.— Haldeman, Men. p. 27, pi. viii (1841). 



Puludina multicarinata, Haldeman, Mon. pt. 4, p. 4 of cover (1842). 



Figure 40 is a fac-simile of that of Valenciennes, whose de- 

 scription is copied above. Prof. Haldeman suggests the name 

 multicarinata, as the name carinata has also been used by 

 Swainson. I have seen no specimen of the species. 



Fig. 41. 



Fig. 42. 



Vivipara contectoides. 



Tivipara contectoides.— Shell umbilicated, elongately-ovate, 

 rather thin, smooth, shining, the surface scarcely 

 broken by the extremely delicate lines of growth ; 

 greenish horn-color, sometimes darker, varied with 

 several longitudinal dark streaks marking the former 

 peristome, and with four well marked 

 brown bands revolving upou the body 

 whirl, of which two only are visible 

 on the penultimate and antepenulti- 

 mate ; under the epidermis of a pale 

 yellowish color, still plainly showing 

 the bands ; spire scalariformly turbi- 

 nated, apex entire, well defined, ob- 

 tuse ; whirls 5, bulging, regularly and 

 rapidly increasing in length, the last ventricose, more than one-half the 

 shell's length, umbilicated ; aperture sub-circular, oblique, about half as 

 long as the body whirl, within white, showing plainly the four revolving 

 bands, the lower one very near its base, none of them reaching the edge 

 of the aperture ; peristome dark, thin, acute, made continuous by the dark, 

 thin, exserted callus which connects the terminations, somewhat reflected 

 at the umbilicus. 



Length of axis 22, greatest breadth of last whirl IS ; length of aperture 

 15, breadth 13 mill. 



Operculum horny, concentric, thin, flexible, concave, the nucleus nearer 

 the columellar margin (Fig. 42). 



Limnsa vivipara, Say, Nich. Enc. Am. ed. [i], pi. ii, f. 5 (1817) (Palu- 

 dina of later ed.). 



Paludina vivipara. Say, Am. Conch, pi. x, outer figs. (1830) ; Binney's 

 ed. 49, 159, pi. Ixx, f. 5 ; ed. Chenu, 17, pi. ii, f. 5, 5a. — Haldeman 

 Mou. 17, pi. vi (1841).— DeKay, N. Y. Moll. 86 (1843). 



