WHOLE VOL. NOTES. EUROPIi 49 



upwards of 1245 ft. (380 m.) in height. Still further south 

 it opens out once more to a distance of nearly 5 miles (8 km.) 

 from the Observatory, where there is a range of hills run- 

 ning east and west, and varying in height from 400 ft. 

 (120 m.) to 1300 ft. (400 m.). To the south-west there is 

 an opening to the sea, between V^alencia Island and the 

 mainland ; and the circle of hills is completed by those on the 

 island itself, the highest of which is about 800 ft. (240 m.) 

 high, and bears about west-southwest from the Observatory. 

 Prks.sure. 



The i)ressure means are the means of the values published in the 

 Daily Weather Report. All means refer to 7'^ and have 

 been reduced to mean sea level, 32° F. and Lat. 45°. Up to 

 March 1892 the barometer was at a height of 7 m. above 

 mean sea level, since then it has been at a height of 13.7 m. 

 The telegraphic readings were made at 8*^ to June 1908, 

 then at 7'\ Corrections have therefore been applied to the 

 earlier figures to reduce them to 7'\ 



Te]\[PERATURE. 



The means of dry bulb temperature are the values published in 

 the Quarterly Weather Report 1869 to 1880 inclusive and in 

 Hourly Readings 1881-1920. They are derived from hourly 

 talnilations of the records of the photographic thermograph. 

 The thermometer bulbs are exposed in a north-wall screen 

 and are 1.3 m. above ground. Prior to the change of site in 

 March 1802. the thermometer bulbs were 1.2 m. above the 

 ground. 

 Rainfall. 



The rainfall totals are taken from the following sources: 



1 87 1-1880 Terminal Hour 24'^ Hourly Tabulations 



(manuscript). 

 1881-1920 Terminal Hour 24'\ Hourly Readings. 



"J'he totals are derived from the records of the Beckley rain gage. 

 'I he latter instrument was dismantled at the Old Observatory 

 on March 18, 1892, at 2 ]). ul and restarted at the new obser- 

 vatory on A'larch 19 at 12.40 p. m. There was no rain during 

 the interval. Rainfall totals for earlier years (1866-1870) 

 are given in the Quarterly Weather Report 1870 Appendix 

 ni, p. II, but as these refer to two different gages on Valen- 

 cia Island, and in the case of the years 1869 and 1870 tO' a 

 (ilaisher gage on a wall 1.5 ul above the ground, they have 

 not been included in the tables. The heights above ground 



