20 



SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 83 



Dr. Aiitcvs' latest estimates: 



STAGES OF LAST ICE RETREAT AND CULTURES 

 Ernst Antevs, February, 1929' 



Chroiiolofry 

 (Antevs, 

 De Geer, 

 Lidi-n) 



Stages of last ice retreat 



North America 

 (Antevs) 



North Europe 

 (VVoIdstedt. etc.) 



The Alps 

 (P. & R., Hug) 



Cultures 



Central 

 Europe 



Years ago 



I 10,000 ) 

 Gothi- < to V 

 glacial ' 11,000 ) 



Dani . 

 glacial ' 



13. 500 

 15,000 



20,000 

 23,000 



28,000 

 35.000 



Cochrane 

 (Ont.) 



S. of Mattawa 

 (Ont.) 



St. Tohnsbury 



(Vt.) 

 Middletown 



(Ct.) 

 Long Island 



Fenno-Scand. 

 moraines 



Eslov 

 (Scania) 



Pomerania 



Frankfurt 



(Poznari) 

 Brandenburg 



Gschnitz 



Buhl 



(Achen retreat) 

 Zurich 



Schlieren 



Killwangen 



Azilian 



Magdalenian 

 Solutrean 



.Aurignacian 



Late 

 Monsterian 



* Communication to the writer. 



ADDITIONAL LITERATURE 



For the duration and subdivisions of the Glacial Age and the post- 

 glacial period, the following works may be consulted ; they contain 

 references to other literature on the subject: 



Antevs, Erxst. The last glaciation. New York, 1928. 



Bayer, Joseph. Der Mensch im Eiszeitalter. Vienna, 452 pp., numerous illus- 

 trations, 1927. 



Brooks, C. E. P. Climate through the ages. London, 1926. 



Chamberlin, T. C, and Salisbury, R. D. Geology, 1906. 



Chamberlin, T. C. Map of North America during the great ice age. Chicago 

 and New York, Rand McNally & Co., 1913. 



Coleman, A. P. An estimate of post-glacial and interglacial time in North 

 America. Compte Rendu Congrcs Internatl. Geo!. XII, pp. 435-449, Canada, 

 1913, Ottawa, 1914. 



. Ice ages, recent and ancient. New York, 1926. 



. Glacial and interglacial periods in Eastern Canada. Journ. Geol., 



Vol. 35, pp. 385-403, 1927- 



De Geer, Gerard. A geochronology of the last 12,000 years. Compte Rendu 

 Congres Internatl. Geol. XI, a Stockholm, 1910, fasc. I, pp. 241-253, Stock- 

 holm, 1912. 



. On the solar curve as dating the ice age, the New York moraine and 



Niagara Falls through the Swedish time scale. Geogr. Annaler, Stockholm, 

 Vol. 8, pp. 253-284, 1926. 



Deperet, Cii. Essai de coordination chronologique generale dcs temps quater- 

 naires. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 1918, 1920. 



. La classification du Quaternaire et sa correlation avec les niveaux 



prehistoriques. C. R. Soc. Geol. France, pp. 125-127, 1921. 



