WHOLE VOL. SKELETAL REMAINS OF EARLY MAN HRDLICKA 33 



attachment of the digastric muscle, of a different type from those 

 known so far. The man represented by this fossil lived in Java with 

 the stegodont elephants and other extinct animals at the time when 

 Java was still united with Asia. 



The find of the lower jaw is also mentioned by Dubois in the 

 " Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch-Indie " of 1891. He 

 then considered the jaw as " a remain of a not exactly determinable 

 human species," and of " another and probably lower type " than both 

 the modern jaws and those that existed in the European diluvial times. 



There is no further report on the fragment and it seems to have 

 been forgotten by scientific men. But in his latest report on the skull 

 (1924) ' Dr. Dubois devotes a few lines again to the specimen, and 

 a little later publishes illustrations of it." 



In this latest report, on page 266, Dubois states that the fragment 

 was found near Kedung ( = river) Brubus, in the same Kendeng 

 layers that gave the remains of the Pithecanthropus ; on page 274, he 

 adds : "A mandibular fragment, a small piece on the right of the sym- 

 physis, was found in the same Kendeng-layers, but at 40 km. distance 

 on the E. S. E. of Trinil, namely at Kedung Brubus, among other 

 fossil remains of the Kendeng fauna. Its specific gravity is the same 

 as that of the teeth and the other remains of Pithecanthropus." And 

 a little further : " The mandibular fragment is a scalene-triangular 

 piece of the corpus mandibulae, with a basis of 36 mm. (measured 

 rectilinearly) of the lower border, immediately on the right of the 

 symphysis. The apex is formed by the root of the anterior premolar 

 tooth, which root has been preserved for the greater part. It is there 

 30 mm. high. There further is preserved the back half of the flat 

 alveolus of the caninus with its root point and part of the front plane 

 of the alveolus of the posterior premolar tooth, under which is situ- 

 ated the front edge of the foramen mentale, 12 mm. above the sharp 

 lower border. In its full thickness the corpus mandibulae has only 

 remained preserved at the septum of the alveoli of the caninus and 

 the anterior premolar tooth. I now ascribe also this mandibular frag- 

 ment to Pithecanthropus erectiis, because what the teeth teach us is 

 quite corroborated by the morphological characters of this small, but 

 all the same very significant piece of the mandible." 



' On the Principal Characters of the Cranium and the Brain, the Mandible and 

 the Teeth of Pithecanthropus crectus. Proc. Acad. Sci., Amsterdam, Vol. 27, 

 Nos. 3 and 4, pp. 265-278, 1924. 



^ Figures of the Calvarium and Endocranial Cast, a Fragment of the Mandible 

 and Three Teeth of Pithecanthropus ercctns. Ibid., Nos. 5 and 6, pi. 8, with text 

 figures. 



