WHOLE VOL. SKELETAL REMAINS OF EARLY MAN HRDLICKA Sj 



tive as they are in some respects, are already human or close to 

 human. Their characteristics indicate that they belong either to a 

 very early man or his very near precursor. 



The close relation of the Piltdown molars to some of the late 

 Miocene or early Pliocene human-like teeth of the Bohnerz Alb, as 

 well as to those of the Ehringsdorf jaws, while not conclusive alone, 

 raises legitimately the query as to whether man may not have 

 evolved altogether in western Europe. 



THE SEPARATE MOLAR 



The additional molar tooth of the Piltdown remains is in every 

 respect so much like the first molar of the Piltdown jaw, that its pro- 

 cedure from the same jaw seems certain, and it would seem probable 

 that the account of its having been discovered at a considerable 

 distance away might be mistaken. 



Information as to the discovery of the specimen was. Sir Arthur 

 Smith Woodward informed the writer (Nov., 1927), conveyed to him 

 orally by Dawson some time before the death of the latter. It was to 

 the effect that the tooth was found, together with the two fragments of 

 the second skull, among stones raked off by the farmer from his field. 

 But how could a tooth be found among " the stones raked off the 

 ground and brought together into heaps " (Woodward, Quart. Journ. 

 Geol. Soc, Vol. 73, Pt. I. p. 3, 191 7). What rake would hold a 

 tooth ? 



The tooth agrees with those of the jaw perfectly not only in di- 

 mensions and every morphological character, but also in the degree 

 and kind of wear. If there are slight differences in the wear they are 

 so small as to be insignificant. A duplication of all this in two distinct 

 individuals would be almost impossible. 



THE CANINE 



The canine tooth, which bears a close resemblance in form to the 

 milk canine of the higher anthroiX)ids, the author is inclined to regard, 

 both on account of the shape of the crown as well as the shape and 

 curvature of the root, as the right lower canine from a female jaw. 

 The wear of the tooth is somewhat peculiar, but not incompatible, it 

 would seem, with this opinion. Taking into consideration the subdued 

 muscularity of the Piltdown jaw, together with the strong indication 

 of the presence of a large canine shown by the basal ridge on the 

 anterior part of the outer surface of the body, it appears probable 

 that the canine may after all have belonged to this specimen. 



