WHOLE VOL. SKELETAL REMAINS OF EARLY MAN HRDLICKA IO5 



(I believe) took a photograph of me holding the skull against the place where 

 it came from (pi. 18),' and other photographs were taken also. 



The skull was at some depth under the pure lead ore and, as far as I can recall, 

 about 10 feet below what seemed to be the floor of the bone cave further away. 

 Where we were then I could see no connection between the material about the 

 skull or the pocket it was in and the bone cave, though it may have been [and 

 later was shown to be] the same old crevice. They were separated by the lead 

 ore and the stuff in which the skull lay. That ore was very rich ; it was not hard 

 though necessitating the use of a pick. There was much of it further in and above. 



There were no other bones close to or near the skull, and no other objects that 

 aroused attention. But a little later and not far below the skull we came on a 

 sort of a bundle which looked like a flattened roll of hide standing nearly upright ; 

 the " hide " was thick and was of ore ; it showed no remains of a real hide but 

 looked somewhat like it. Pieces of it were removed and shown about, the rest 

 was smelted. There was nothing within the " roll " — no bones nor any other 

 object. 



The skull was surrounded by softer stuff. There was something like bat bones. 

 There were hard and soft spots in the digging. Next day we looked for the 

 lower jaw but nothing was found. 



Some time afterwards, but on the same day, we found outside of where the 

 bundle was and to one side of it, about three feet away as near as I can remem- 

 ber, the leg bone of a man. There were no other bones. Later and lower was 

 found a skull said to be that of a lion ; but that was not found by me. 



The skull was taken first to the manager's office and from there to the doctor's. 

 That's all I know. 



So much for Mr. Zvvigelaar. On repeated questioning, his account 

 remained the same. He was positive the skull was alone, without the 

 lower jaw and without any other bones in association. He also was 

 positive that there was no covering of the skull and that the " roll " 

 lay lower and not in connection with the specimen. Directly behind 

 the skull were some bat bones. 



The next most important person still present at Broken Hill was 

 the mining captain at the time of the discovery of the skull, Mr. W. 

 E. Barron. Mr. Barron was found at the site of the new dam and 

 power tunnel about 20 miles from Broken Hill, and was brought back 

 to the mine. Unfortunately his recollections of the details of the dis- 

 covery were already hazy. However he produced an old note book in 

 which he had written, shortly after the find was made (a day or two 

 later) the following valuable notes : 



"Old Bone Cave: Skull found at side of incline about 60 feet 

 level, by Zwigelaar, 1 7-6-21. A mass of small bones (probably bat 

 bones) all around it. 



' This precious and unique photograph was loaned by Mr. Zwigelaar to the 

 writer and is here reproduced. 



