122 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 83 



slice from the foot of a plane, to produce a new cutting-edge. A stone ball like 

 figure 228 has slight facets which are bruised like the rest ; and there are four 

 imperfect spherical hammerstones of quartz, the largest having a diameter of 

 3.4 inches. The largest piece of milky quartz (3.2 inches) is probably due to 

 natural fracture ; but there are six broad flakes, subtriangular, clearly of human 

 origin, the largest being 2.3 inches ; and five that may be classed as blades, with 

 the side-edges nearly parallel. Two other specimens appear to be pointed ends 

 of flake implements, the larger being an equilateral triangle, 0.6 inch thick at 

 the center. A flake of clear quartz, 1.8 inches long, has a calcareous deposit, and 

 a fragment of fossil bone resembles the butt of a thin-butted celt, heavily striated 

 and rubbed smooth in places. A pointed granitic stone of triangular section, 

 8 inches long, seems to be battered at the pointed end, but was probably not 



shaped by man, though the butt has a smooth and rounded edge 



Mr. Franklin White, who collected some of the specimens under consideration, 

 has himself contributed some notes to the Proceedings of the Rhodesia Scien- 

 tific Association, Vol. IX (published 1910), on further discoveries in the cave; 

 and enumerates bone implements and tusks as well as quartz artifacts from 

 I inch to 4 inches in length. The material is described as semi-opaque white, not 

 at all suitable for implements, and not produced in the locality, but brought from 

 a distance with the large rounded quartzite pebbles. The most common type of 

 implement, he says, is a leaf-shaped lance-head, with the butts badly finished off^. 

 Ridged flakes were abundant, and one was found of transparent quartz. Several 

 small flakes could have been used as arrow-heads, but there was only one round- 

 scraper in his series. No bone ornaments such as discs or beads were noticed ; 

 and the broken bones and implements were found throughout 18 feet of filling, 

 with one piece of semi-vitreous clinker that proved the use of fire by the primi- 

 tive cave-dwellers. 



Upon the writer, who collected and bronght to London some of 

 these specimens, the material makes no impression of antiquity. It 

 is to be compared with recent South African stone industries, rather 

 than with any of the paleohthic industries in Europe. There is no 

 possibility of a definite association of the specimens with the skull. 



THE FAUNA 



Mr. Hopwood has identified the mammals of the Broken Hill cave. 

 He tells us as follows : 



The study of the mammalian bones found at Broken Hill was undertaken in 

 the hope that they might afford some evidence as to the age of the human remains 

 found in the cave. It seemed reasonable to suppose that, if the contents of the 

 cavern were of any degree of antiquity, there might be found portions of animals 

 which are extinct, or, at any rate, of species which are not at present represented 

 in the fauna of Rhodesia. This hope has been realised only in part. The cave 

 fauna is composed of living forms with the exception of Rhinoceros zvJiifei Chubb 

 and a new species of Serval cat. 



To which he adds : 



In considering the significance of the Cave fauna of Broken Hill there are 

 two things to be kept in mind. First, that it is impossible to determine the rela- 



