WHOLE VOL. SKELETAL REMAINS OF EARLY MAN HRDLICKA I49 



The gorge was bound by high rough chfifs of Devonian Hmestone, 

 and since the early fifties of the last century it has been subjected to 

 extensive quarrying that still proceeds. In the summer of 1856 the 

 destruction reached the so-called " Feldhoffer Grotte," a somewhat 

 extensive cave located in the right cliff not far from the " Raven- 

 stein " (isolated high rock still preserved). The mouth of the cave 

 lay about 1 10 feet from the right bank of the stream and 60 feet above 

 its level. 



According to local accounts the cave was in two parts ; and as the 

 laborers were clearing the loam out of the smaller they uncovered 

 a human skeleton. Some parts of this were broken and the bones 

 were thrown out together with the earth ; later, however, upon the 

 urging of the owner of the quarry after he was told of the find, the 



luLittii 



Fig. 13. — A sketch uf the " Naturschutzgebict NeaiKlertal," the vicinity of the 



Neanderthal find. 



workmen collected 14 pieces of the skull and skeleton, and these were 

 given soon after into the hands of Dr. Fuhlrott of Elberfeld. 



The bones obtained by Dr. Fuhlrott comprised the skullcap, the 

 femora, humeri, ulnae, right radius, portion of the left pelvic bone, 

 portion of the right scapula, piece of the right clavicle, and five pieces 

 of ribs (pis. 29-33). 



Soon after their discovery the skeletal remains of the Neander- 

 thal man received the attention of Prof. D. Schaaffhausen, of Bonn, 

 who on February 4, 1857, made a preliminary rejxjrt upon them at 

 the meeting of the Lower Rhine Medical and Natural History So- 

 ciety, of Bonn.' At the general meeting of the Natural History 



' Verhandl. d. naturhist. Vereins der preuss. Rheinlande und Westphalens, 

 Vol. 14. Bonn, 1857. Also " Zur Kenntniss der iiltesten Rassenschadcl," Miiller's 

 Archiv, p. 453 et seq., 1858. 



