198 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 83 



the Neanderthal skeleton. It is slightly shorter ; but it presents the 

 same huge head and stout neck, a similar condition of the minor 

 trochanter and of the gluteal ridge, the same curvature forward of 

 the whole shaft, the same strength and shape of the shaft, the same 

 but slightly developed linea aspera, a similar though less marked 

 suprapopliteal convexity, and a considerable similarity of the condyles. 



It dififers from the Neanderthal femur by a somewhat more marked 

 subtrochanteric flattening ; by the absence of the higher patellar de- 

 pression, with the presence of a deeper depression directly above the 

 patellar surface; by the lesser convexity of the popliteal surface; by 

 somewhat broader and stouter condyles, with broader patellar sur- 

 face; by somewhat duller anterior ridges of the condyles; and by a 

 slightly greater torsion. These are all, however, rather secondary 

 differences ; the essential characters of the two bones are much the 

 same. 



The left femur, represented by its upper half, and formerly at- 

 tributed to skeleton No. i, is plainly a mate of the right femur and 

 belongs with it to the male skeleton No. 2. It has much the same 

 strength, same shape, same features. The writer's measurements of 

 the two bones are given on the following page. 



The tibiae. — The left whole tibia, the only one present, attaches 

 itself clearly, by its size, strength, and other characters, to the two 

 femora, and with them to skeleton No. 2. A detailed study oi the 

 bones leaves no possible doubt on this score. The bone, as already 

 established by J. Fraipont, is especially characterized by the marked 

 inclination backward of its head. This inclination is considerably 

 more marked on the mesial than on the lateral side of the bone. The 

 shaft of the bone is remarkably straight, in every way. The shape of 

 the shaft is that of a lateral prism. (Hrdlicka's type 2).* The bone is 

 remarkable by its shortness and strength. It is particularly stout in 

 the upper and lower fourths of the shaft. The mesial articular surface 

 is decidedly more inclined backwards than in the modern tibia ; 

 and the lateral surface is shallower than that in modern bones. The 

 malleolus is broader than in modern bones and decidedly stouter. The 

 lower articular surface differs from that in modern bones in being 

 relatively broader laterally and narrower antero-posteriorly, and in 

 extending more obliquely onto the malleolus. Otherwise the details 

 of the bone are much like those in recent man. 



^ Hrdlicka, A., Typical Forms of Shaft of Long Bones. Proc. Assoc. Amer. 

 Anat., pp. 55-60, New York, 1900. 

 , Anthropology. Wistar Institute, 1919. 



