WHOLE VOL. SKELETAL REMAINS OF EARLY MAN HRDLICKA 2I9 



surface of the jaw ; and a closer approach to modern conditions in 

 the height and breadth of the ramus, in the mandibular angle and its 

 border, in the sigmoid notch, and in the condyle (in some of the 

 specimens). 



THE KRAPINA TEETH 



In addition to the teeth contained in the Krapina maxillae and lower 

 jaws, nearly 200 isolated teeth of all ages are included in the collec- 

 tion. Thirty of this number are milk teeth. Gorjanovic-Kramberger 

 devotes, in his principal memoir (1906), a large chapter to a detailed 

 description and measurements of the teeth, pointing out many inter- 

 esting details, both as to the crowns and as to the roots. From this 

 and the writer's own observations the following generalizations are 

 possible : 



The upper incisors are generally shovel-shaped, in addition to which 

 they show from one to three lingual small cusps. The canines are 

 of about modern macrodont size and form, but slightly higher than 

 the incisors, and with distinct traces of a lingual shovel-shaped hollow, 

 divided into two lateral fossae by a stout vertical ridge. The upper 

 premolars approximate the canines with the labial canine cusp reduced 

 and the lingual strongly developed. They, too, show the vertical 

 median ridge on the lingual surface of the outer cusp, with a bilateral 

 depression. The molars (23 upper, 26 lower) are all good-sized to 

 large, and show numerous interesting details, both as to the confor- 

 mation of the crowns and that of the roots. Some of these details are 

 of primitive nature, though on the whole the teeth approach closely to 

 those of present man. The Krapina third molars, while all large and 

 well developed, show nevertheless as a rule a tendency toward slightly 

 smaller dimensions than those of both the first and the second molars ; 

 while the second molars are often a trace larger or at least broader 

 than the first. The roots of all the teeth show considerable length 

 as well as strength ; and there is observable an inclination to greater 

 multiplicity than in the teeth of the modern Europeans. 



Professor Gorjanovic-Kramberger's measurements of the teeth 

 are given on the following page.' 



SKELETAL REMAINS OTHER THAN SKULLS 



The trunk.— Present, numerous more or less damaged vertebrae 

 and parts of ribs. The spines represented by the vertebrae appear to 

 have been somewhat weaker and the individual vertebrae smaller than 



' For the writer's measurements of the lower molars, see section on teeth. 



