230 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 83 



Ilm river has been blasted away for the Hmestone, the works being 

 known as Kaempfer's Quarry. Herr Kaempfer, an educated man, 

 was in fact still the owner of it during the writer's visits (1921, 1923), 

 and is largely to be credited for the intelligent preservation of the 

 paleontological as well as the human remains from his extensive 

 workings.* 



By 1914, the quarry reached the condition shown in plate 57. The 

 exposed rocky wall approximated 40 feet in height and showed gross 

 horizontal stratification. A little below the middle could be seen a 

 belt about three feet thick known as the " Pariser," a largely consoli- 

 dated loess formation ; and beneath this, in the left part of the 

 quarry, the writer was shown the remains of a flat pocket of more 

 or less consolidated looser material in which stone implements had 

 been discovered, with numerous evidences of human occupation. 



It was in this layer or pocket, which lay about 10 feet below the 

 " Pariser," that workmen began in April, 1914, to discover various 

 fossil animal bones and some worked flints ; and it was here that, 

 on May 8, 1914, following a blast, there appeared, besides some animal 

 bones, fragments of an adult human lower jaw. The bone had been 

 both freed and partly shattered by the blast. In its vicinity were bones 

 of various Quaternary animals, later identified as Rhinoceros mcrckii, 

 cave bear, a Bos, a horse and a deer ; also some bones that had been 

 partly burned, some charcoal, and numerous flints showing human 

 work. 



The value of the find was, fortunately, promptly recognized, and 

 the pieces of the jaw were most carefully gathered by Herr Haubold, 

 the overseer, with the aid of Herr Lindig, the able Curator of the 

 Weimar City Museum. The specimen was then most painstakingly 

 repaired by Herr Lindig, and not long after turned over to Gustav 

 Schwalbe for study. It is briefly described and pictured by the latter 

 in October of the same year ; ' and not long after the specimen is 

 referred to by MacCurdy.' Basing his opinion on its form and asso- 

 ciations, Schwalbe considered the specimen to be a very valuable 

 one, and referred it to the earlier period of Neanderthal man. 



' The writer is indebted to Herr Kaempfer for his courteous permission to 

 examine the site and local collections, and for two valuable photographs of the 

 quarry. 



■ Schwalbe, G., Uber einen in Ehringsdorf bei Weimar gemachten Fund des 

 Urmenschen. Correspondenz-Bl. allg. arztl. Ver. Thiiringen, 3 pp., 1914. 



t)ber einen bei Ehringsdorf in der Nahe von Weimar gefundenen Unterkiefer 

 des Homo primigenius. Anat. Anzeiger., Vol. 47, pp. 337-345, I9i4- 



* MacCurdy, G. G., Interglacial Man from Ehringsdorf near Weimar. Amer. 

 Anthrop., Vol. 18, No. i, pp. 139-142, i9iS- 



