WHOLE VOL. SKELETAL REMAINS OF EARLY MAN — HRDLICKA 23I 



After Schwalbe's death a more complete study of the jaw was 

 undertaken by Hans Virchow, and its description forms the main 

 part of his masterly memoir on the human skeletal remains of Ehr- 

 ingsdorf.' While Virchow was engaged in the study, however, there 

 came to light, on November 2, 191 6, under similar circumstances and 

 from about the same horizon but about 80 feet to the right and 

 enclosed in rock, portions of the skeleton of a child al)Out 10 years old. 

 The specimen was badly damaged through the blast, but thanks once 

 more to the most careful efforts of the quarrymen and Herr Lindig, 

 all that could possibly be saved was secured and taken to the Weimar 

 Mu.seum. The parts consisted of six right and five left ribs, two 

 vertebrae, the epistropheus, the right pelvic bone, half of the right 

 humerus, incomplete lower jaw, and five teeth from the maxilla. The 

 thoracic parts lie in a block of the stone and were found, with the rest 

 of the defective parts of the skeleton, to be of but secondary scientific 

 importance ; but the lower jaw with its nine well preserved teeth was 

 a document of value, and as such, was submitted also to Hans Vir- 

 chow and is described in his Memoir with the adult mandible. 



In addition to the preceding, several other finds of human remains 

 were made in Fischer's quarry, lying immediately behind Kaempfer's 

 workings. They include a number of fine stone implements and two 

 pieces of a human parietal ; they were, like the child's skeleton, 

 enclosed in the solid rock. About 1922, in the right part of Kaemp- 

 fer's quarr}-^, a blast in the travertin above its middle revealed, the 

 writer was told, a portion of a human femur. Fossil animal tones 

 and worked flints were found on numerous occasions. On September 

 21, 1925, finally, a blast in the lower travertin of Fischer's quarry, 

 in a block 55 feet (16.7 m.) from the surface, brought to light pieces 

 of a young adult human skull. Of these additional human skeletal 

 remains the skull, after a most painstaking disengagement from the 

 rock and reconstruction, has been thoroughly studied and published 

 on by Weidenreich.' 



Geology. — The travertin or calcareous tufa deposits of the Ilm 

 valley are found in three isolated nearby units, one at Weimar (left 



' Virchow, H., Die menschlichen Skeletreste aus dem Kampfe-schen Bruch 

 im Travertin von Ehringsdorf bei Weimar, 141 pp., 8 pis., 41 figs., Jena, 1920. 



^ Weidenreich, Franz. Der Schiidelfund von Weimar-Ehringsdorf. Contains a 

 section on the Geology of the deposits by F. Wiegers, and a section on the 

 Ehringsdorf culture by E. Schuster, 204 pp., numerous illustrations, G. Fischer, 

 Jena, 1928. 



