234 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 83 



Industry. — The Ehringsdorf stone industry has been very carefully 

 and ably studied by Erich Schuster.' It shows relatively over a score 

 of types in flint and local stones and, as with other early industries 

 in Germany, is not very harmonious with industries of similar age in 

 France. The artifacts diflfer in workmanship from relatively simple 

 to very well shaped, and belong apparently to the Middle Paleolithic. 

 A typological classification is as yet impracticable. Climatic conditions 

 as well as most of the materials were different in Germany from 

 those in France. German prehistory must largely reach its own order 

 and chronology. Critical considerations of the case show that the 

 period deserves the distinctive name of the " Weimar Culture." 

 Exactly where it belongs must be left to further study. 



THE SKELETAL REMAINS 



Thanks to Herr E. Lindig, Curator of the Stadtisches Museum, 

 Weimar, where all the originals from Ehringsdorf are preserved, the 

 writer has twice been able (1922, 1923) to examine the earlier 

 originals from Ehringsdorf, namely the two lower jaws, the child 

 skeleton, and the worked stones. If the writer's own observations 

 are here used rather than the very able report and detailed data of 

 Hans Virchow, it is only to insure greater uniformity as well as 

 originality in this work ; but the student is urged to consult also the 

 highly meritorious memoir previously mentioned. 



THE ADULT LOWER JAW 



The Jaw is that of an adult of somewhat advanced years, judging 

 by the condition of the teeth. The teeth show what the student of 

 primitive people would call about medium wear, ranging in the differ- 

 ent teeth from complete abrasion of the cusps as in the left M2 and 

 the four premolars, to complete wear of the crown, as in the two 

 remaining incisors. The jaw is of moderate size for an early jaw, 

 and judging by the relative lowness of the body it belonged probably 

 to a female. It is a remarkably primitive specimen in many respects, 

 yet it shows already several prospective or advanced features. The 

 dental part of the jaw is relatively long and narrow, approaching the 

 form of a long U ; the outline of the lingual contour of the bone 

 itself is that of a regular, moderately narrow, dull cone. 



The teeth were i6 in number (14 remaining). They are of modern, 

 somewhat macrodont type, but the molars are relatively rather narrow 



' Der Schiidelfund von Weimar-Ehringsdorf, p. 141 et seq., 1928. 



