WHOLE VOL. SKELETAL REMAINS OF EARLY MAN HRDLICKA 239 



for the purpose of the extraction of the hrain [cannibahsm]. The 

 damaged skull was apparently thrown into a pool of water and became 

 enclosed in the forming limestone. After the drying up of the pool 

 the bones evidently became separated in the still plastic mass and 

 broken further. 



The skull possesses the following characteristics of the Neanderthal 

 group: Complete su])raorbital arches; protrusion of the glabella 

 region [though the glabella itself was in a fairly well marked de- 

 pression] ; large intraorbital and ui)per facial breadth; Neander- 

 thaloid occiput ; a shallow and broad (transversely) glenoid fossa, and 

 primitiveness of some parts of the temi^oral bone. But it shows a 

 well arched forehead and a strong filling out of the anterior portion 

 of the vault, which characters raise it above the Homo primigcnins 

 group and into the palaeolithic forms of Homo sapiens. 



Together with the Galilee specimen and probably also with that of 

 the Podkumok, the Ehringsdorf skull is to be ranged in an intermedi- 

 ary group. At all events, the exceptionally large breadth of the fore- 

 head and of the upper face characterize the Ehringsdorf man as a 

 separate race which was characterized also by exceptional features of 

 the lower jaw. Both the earlier found lower jaws belong to the same 

 morphological type. None of the characteristics of the skull i^ermits 

 the supposition of any postmortem deformation. 



Professor Weidenreich gives also a table of approximate measure- 

 ments reached by him on the reconstructed skull. They are as 

 follows : 



cm. cm. 



Length max 19.6 Diam. frontal max 12.1 



Length glabella-inion 19.2 Greatest breadth of the oc- 



Length nasion-inion 18.4 cipital squama 10.5 (?) 



Greatest breadth 14.5 Calotte-height (above glabel- 



Cranial index 74.0 la-inion line, projection).. 9.6 



Inside length 17. i Calotte index 50.0 



Inside breadth 13.45 Upper facial breadth 13.3 



Inside or brain breadth-length Anterior interorbital breadth. 3.0 (?) 



index 78.63 Skull capacity i.450 cc. [ ? 1 



Diam. frontal min 1 1.3 



CRITICAL NOTES 



The writer's examination of the Ehringsdorf originals, coupled 

 with the study of the most recent skull and implements of which there 

 are able descriptions, leads him to the following views : 



The originals in Weimar, and the plentiful fine illustrations of the 

 artifacts in Schuster's report (1928), show plainly, especially in the 



