WHOLE VOL. SKELETAL REMAINS OF EARLY MAN HRDLICKA 253 



of his work were published in a series of communications extending 

 through the sixth, seventh and eighth volumes of the Annales de 

 Paleontologie, and in 191 3 they were issued in a large individual 

 volume/ 



These various reports show that the cave of La Chapelle-Aux-Saints 

 is a moderate-sized and rather low cavity, about 6 m. (19 ft.) long, 

 2 to 4 m. (6 to 13 ft.) broad, and 1 to 1.50 m. (3 to 4.5 ft.) high 

 (fig. 23). When first a])])roached it was seen to be nearly filled with 

 old accumulations, which later disclosed numerous traces of man, and 

 with debris of the rock from the roof and sides. 



The stratigraphy of the cave was found to be quite simple — there 

 was but one fossiliferous layer, of Pleistocene age, posterior appar- 

 ently to the excavation of the fossa that contained the skeleton (Boule, 

 Mem., pp. 10-12). The worked flints and quartz gathered from this 

 layer reached over 1,000 in number. They showed careful and able 

 work. They comprised especially the two classical Mousterian types, 

 points and scrapers, and their derivatives. There were also a few 

 instruments of Acheulean type, and a number of well chipped blades 

 as well as other forms that presaged the Aurignacian. There was no 

 trace however of any worked bone. 



The animal bones show generally signs of intentional breaking, for 

 the marrow ; some show also traces of fire or marks of implements. 

 The following species were identified : 



Rhinoceros tichorhinns Canis vitlpes 



Hyaena crocuta Meles taxus 



Rangifer tarandus Equiis cahalliis 



Capra ibex Sus scrofa 



Bison prisons Arctomys mannolta 



Canis lupus Various birds. 



This is a cold fauna, referable to the last glaciation. 



Under the accumulations the floor of the cavern was found to be 

 whitish, hard, marly calcareous ; and in this hard base, at the distance 

 of a little over four m. from the entrance of the cave, was found 

 a nearly rectangular, moderate-sized cavity.' which lodged a fossil 

 human skeleton. The depression, in the opinion of the explorers, 

 had clearly been made by the primitive inhabitants or visitors of the 

 cave, representing a regular burial, one of the most ancient inten- 

 tional burials thus far discovered. 



'Paris, 1911 to 1913. Also published as a separate volume, 278 pp.. numerous 

 pis. and figs., Paris, 1913. For brevity this volume will be referred to hence- 

 forth as the " Mem." 



* 1.45 m. long, I m. broad, and 30 cm. deep. 



