WHOLE VOL. SKELETAL REMAINS OF EARLY MAN — HRDLICKA 2^"] 



The Archeological Deposits 



No. I on the chart shows the upper sandy portion of the Mousterian deposits ; 

 No. 2 is a large argilaceous layer with high class Mousterian implements and 

 utilized bones ; 



No. 3, argilaceous sand, with Mousterian industry ; 



No. 4, a thin layer of fine sand without either industrial or faunal remains ; 



No. 5, gravels, with first horizon of Mousterian industry ; 



Nos. II-I2, layers of waterworn limestone fragments, without industry. 



In 1908 appeared Dr. Martin's first report on the fauna of La 

 Quina, and in this communication * is found the first report of human 

 skeletal remains, in the form of a pair of astragali. These astragali 

 were reported upon by Dr. Martin with handsome illustrations, in 

 1910.' The bones were found to differ from modern ones in the short- 

 ness of the neck, internal deviation of the head and its marked rota- 

 tion outward, in the expansion and large development of the susten- 

 taculum, and in some other particulars. The bones are larger in all 

 dimensions than those of modern Europeans ; they measure in maxi- 

 mum length 5.1, in maximum breadth 4.7, and in maximum height 

 3.1 cm. A number of other measurements are also given. 



At the same meeting Dr. Martin reported in detail on the animal 

 bones from the La Ouina deposits that show human work.^ The 

 utilized bones include anvils, hammers, compressors, polished pieces, 

 awls, artificially perforated phalanges, and bones with some inten- 

 tional gravings. At about this time appeared also Dr. Martin's larger 

 study on the evolution of the Mousterian industry of La Quina.^ 



In 191 1 came the first report on the find of the first human skeleton. 

 In the Comptes rendus of the Academy of Science, Paris (T. 153, 

 pp. 728-30), Dr. Martin gives a brief rejwrt of the discovery with a 

 photograph of the skull in situ. 



The skeleton, in Dr. Martin's opinion, was plainly " in place " and 

 had suffered no disturbance, so that it was possible to refer it to the 

 base of the middle Quaternary. The skull was believed to have 

 suffered a prolonged maceration as a result of which the cranial bones 

 were disjointed, but their preservation was such that the cranium will 

 be easy of reconstruction. The skull, as far as it was })ossil)le to judge 

 at the time of the report, appeared to offer all the primitive characters 



'La faune mousterienne de La Quina. C. R. Assoc, franc. Acad. Sci., pp. 

 7-^7-730, 1908. 



""Astragale humain du mousterien moyen de la Quina. Bull. Soc. prehist. 

 France, 1910, pp. 391-397. 



^Traces humaines laissees sur les os a I'epoque mousterienne (La Quina). 

 C. R. Assoc, fr. Acad. Sci., 1910, pp. 142-145. 



* Recherches sur revolution du Mousterien dans la gisenient de La Quina. 



