WHOLE VOL. SKELETAL REMAINS OF EARLY MAN — HRDLICKA 295 



to be somewhat stronger than they are in the modern child. The 

 upper alveolar process (nasal floor to. alveolar point) is rather low. 

 The shape and size of the palate and the size and conformation of 

 the milk teeth offer nothing very special ; but the four incisors in 

 eruption are all markedly shovel-shaped (scooped out on their lingual 

 surface). 



The base. — The glenoid cavities are remarkedly small and shallow. 

 The pre-mastoid space is not yet well marked as it is in the adult 

 La Quina. The condyles are small. There were evidently also other 

 peculiarities, but the parts are too much damaged for correct de- 

 terminations. 



Principal measurements on the original (Hrdlicka) : 



cm. cm. 



Vault : Length max. . . 17.2 Cranial index 76.'^^ 



Breadth max.. 13.2 Mean height index approx. 78.9 



Height, basion- Height-breadth index ap- 



bregma 12.2 prox 90.9 



(but basion sm. 



unduly elevated, 



it seems, in re- 

 construction) ; 

 corrected, abt. 12.0 



(or possibly still 



a little less). 



NOTES ON PARTS OF THE SKELETON OTHER THAN THE SKULL 



(Mainly after Henri Martin) 



Atlas.— Oi moderate proportions and strength ; some peculiarities 

 in details, especially as to anterior tubercle which is directed down- 

 ward, as in other Neanderthalers (as far as known) ; odontoid facet 

 very spacious. 



Axis. — Much damaged ; of moderate size and strength. 



Other cenncal vertebrae. — Defective ; moderate size and strength ; 

 bodies not high ; spinous processes wanting. 



Bones of the limbs. — Badly preserved for the most part, and largely 

 missing. What remains shows evident Neanderthal features. 



Humeri. — Rather defective. The two bones are so different that 

 they could be taken for bones of dift'erent skeletons ; but they were 

 found in place with the skeleton. The dift'erences may probably be 

 explained by some pathological condition affecting the left arm. 



The right bone is much the stronger (circumference — r. y.^\ 1. 

 6.2 cm.). [In size and strength and muscular impressions it is about 

 equal to medium modern masculine.] The shaft of the right bone 



