3o8 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 83 



Hthic female conformed to the rule of lesser development of the tori, 

 is well seen in the middle aged female of Gibraltar, as it is seen also 

 in those of Pfedmost, Obercassel and Grimaldi. A great development 

 of the supraorbital tori is one of the most dependable of male charac- 

 ters, and no skull with such tori can possibly be definitely identified 

 as a female without a most convincing proof of the accompanying 

 skeleton. It is well known that male skulls with more or less female 

 aspect occur among all peoples, and such a female " reflection " would 

 be heightened in skulls of young adults ; just as a good male skull may 

 be accompanied by a weak, more or less female-looking skeleton. 

 It is for these reasons that the writer cannot but regard the Galilee 

 skull, just as those of the La Quina and Ehringsdorf, as young 

 masculine. 



To return to the description : The nasal process of the frontal bone 

 is stouter than in modern crania (min. interorbital breadth close to 

 2.7 cm.), though less stout than in most of the Neanderthal skulls. 



The orbits approached irregularly quadrangular, were megaseme, 

 and deep, but not large (right, h., 3.7; br. 4.0) than in large-orbited 

 modern crania. They lack the striking subhmnan aspect shown in the 

 Gibraltar skull. The borders are dull all over. Their vertical plane, 

 notwithstanding the great protrusion forward of the tori, is nearer 

 modern, due to the fact that the whole orbital and suborbital region 

 is well forward in this skull ; and the lateral inclination of their plane 

 is even less than in many skulls of whites, due to the relatively back- 

 ward position of the nasion and forward position of the frontal process 

 of the malar. 



The nasion is considerably more backward than the glabella; it is 

 situated but slightly above the middle of a transverse line connecting 

 the intersection points of the borders of the orbits and the malo- 

 frontal sutures, or much as in modern crania. The nasal bones were 

 fairly broad and strong. The root of the nose is rather low, moder- 

 ately and uniformly convex from side to side. It is near that of the 

 average negro, but could be duplicated in many non-European and 

 even some European modern skulls. 



The malar bone is not far from that in some modern skulls ; it 

 could perhaps best be described as intermediary between the more 

 typical Neanderthal form and that of modern man. The body is not 

 large, yet not smaller than in many white males ; the frontal process 

 is decidedly stouter and broader than in European skulls of today, 

 but not as stout or broad as in most of the Neanderthalers ; and there 

 was no masseteric protrusion of the lower border. But there is a 



