Table 1 43 

 VELOCITY OF SOUND IN LIQUIDS AND GASES 



I 9 I 



For gases, the velocity of sound = VyP/p, where P is the pressure, p the density, and y 

 the ratio of specific heat at constant pressure to that at constant volume. For moderate 

 temperature changes V t = V (i + at) where a = 0.00367. The velocity of sound in tubes 

 increases with the diameter up to the free-air value as a limit. The values from ammonia to 

 methane inclusive, except for argon and helium, are for closed tubes. 



Substance 



Authority 



Liquids: Alcohol, 93% Ethyl . . . 



Methyl 



Ammonia, .880 



Benzol 



Carbon bisulphide 



Chloroform 



Ether 



Mercury 



Turpentine oil 



Gases: Air, dry, 1 atmosphere 

 25 

 50 

 100 



Ammonia. 

 Argon .... 



Carbon monoxide. 



Chlorine. 



dioxide. . . 

 disulphide. 



Ethylene . 

 Helium. . . 

 Hydrogen . 



Illuminating gas 



Methane 



Nitric oxide 



Nitrogen 



Nitrous oxide 



Oxygen 



Explosive waves in air: 



Charge of powder, 0.24 gms. 



Vapors: Alcohol 

 Ether.. 

 Water.. 



3.80 

 17.40 

 45.60 



Cisman, 1926 

 Busse, 1924 

 Dorsing, 1908 



Cisman, 1926 

 Dorsing, 1908 

 Mean 



Bungetziam 

 Dorsing, 1908 

 Mean 



" (Witkowski) 



Stevens 



Masson 



Mean 



D, C, P, 1921 



Wullner 



Dulong 



Brockendahl, 1906 



Masson 



Martini 



Strecker 



Dulong 



Scheel, Heuse, 1919 



Dulong 



Zoch 



Masson 



Mean 

 Dulong 



I Violle, Cong. Intern. 

 Phys. 1, 243, 1900 



Masson 



Treitz, 1903 



Supersonic;: Reid, 1930: — Air, o"C, no CO2, 42 Kc/sec, 331-75 m/sec; 20°C, sat. H2O, 333-1 m/sec; 140 

 Kc/sec. 331.60, 332.92, respectively; Thompson, 1930: — 109 c/sec. sat. H2O vapor, 27°C, 432 m/sec; Poole, 

 1930: — Water, distilled, audio-frequency, 2S°C, 1485 m/sec. 



Smithsonian Tables 



