Tables 196-198 



TABLE 196. — Surface Tension of Liquids * 



223 



Liquid. 



Water 



Mercury .... 



Bisulphide of carbon . 

 Chloroform . 

 Ethyl alcohol 

 Olive oil ... 

 Turpentine .... 

 Petroleum .... 

 Hydrochloric acid 

 Hyposulphite of soda solution 



Specific 

 gravity. 



I.O 

 13-543 

 I.2687 

 I.4878 

 O.7906 

 O.9136 

 O.8867 



•7977 

 1. 10 

 1.1248 



Surface tension in dynes per cen- 

 timeter of liquid in contact with — 



* This table of tensions at the surface separating the liquid named in the first column and air, water or mercury 

 as stated at the head of the last three columns, is from Quincke's experiments (Pogg. Ann. vol. 130, and Phil. Mag. 

 1871). The numbers given are the equivalent in dynes per centimeter of those obtained by Worthington from 

 Quincke's results (Phil. Mag. vol. 20, 1S85) with the exception of those in brackets, which were not corrected by 

 Worthington ; they are probably somewhat too high, for the reason stated by Worthington. The temperature was 

 about 20° C. 



t Quincke, " Pogg. Ann." vol. 135, p. 661. 



% It will be observed that the value here given on the authority of Quincke is much higher than his subsequent 

 measurements, as quoted above, give. 



II " Proc. Roy. Soc." 1877, and " Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc." 1881, 1883, and 1891. 



Note. — Quincke points out that substances may be divided into groups in each of which the ratio of the surface 

 tension to the density is nearlv constant. Thus, if this ratio for mercury be taken as unit, the ratio for the bromides 

 and iodides is about a half : that of the nitrates, chlorides, sugars, and fats, as well as the metals, lead, bismuth, and 

 antimony, about 1 ; that of water, the carbonates sulphates, and probably phosphates, and the metals platinum, gold, 

 silver, cadmium, tin, and copper, 2 ; that of zinc, iron, and palladium, 3; and that of sodium, 6. 



TABLE 198. — Vapor Pressure and Rate of Evaporation 



p = K.T~ie~^o/RT dynes/cm 2 . Egerton, Phil. Mag. ^^, p. 33, 1917. 

 Zn, X„ = 3. 28 x io 4 ; K = 1. 17 x io 14 Cd, X 9 » 2.77 X io 4 ; K = 5.27 X io 1 

 Hg, X = 1 .60 x io 4 ; = 3. 72 x io 13 (Knudsen) 

 Smithsonian Tables. 



