3io 



Tables 299-302 



TABLE 299. — Additional Data on Explosives 



Explosive. 

 (Ref. Young, Nature, 102, 216, 1918.) 



Gunpowder 



Nitroglycerine 



Nitrocellulose, 13% N2 



Cordite, Mk. I. (NG, 57; NC, 38; Vaseline, 5 

 Cordite, MD (NG, 30; NC, 6s; Vaseline, 5).. 



Ballistite (NG, 50; NC, 50; Stabilizer, 5) 



Picric acid (Lyddite) 



Vol. gas 

 per g in 

 cc = V 



280 

 74i 

 Q23 

 871 

 888 

 817 

 877 



Calories 



per 

 g = Q 



738 

 1652 



931 

 1242 

 103 1 

 1349 



810 



Coefficient 

 = QV 



207 

 1224 



859 

 1082 



9i5 

 1102 



710 



Coefficient 

 GP = 1 



Calculated 

 Temperature 



QIC 



C, sp. ht. gases 



= o. 24 



2240 C 



6880 



3876 



5I7S 



4225 



S621 



337S 



Shattering power of explosive = vol. gas per g X cals./g X Vd X density where Vd is the velocity of detonation. 



Trinitrotoluene: I'd = 7000 m/sec. Shattering effect = .87 picric acid. 



Amatol (Ammonium nitrate + trinitrotoluene, TNT): Vd = 4500 m/sec. 



Ammonal (Ammonium nitrate, TNT, Al): 1578 cal/g; 682 cc gas; Vd = 4000 m/sec. 



Sabulite (Ammonium nitrate, 78, TNT 8, Ca silicide 14): about same as ammonal. 



TABLE 300. — Ignition Temperatures of Gaseous Mixtures 



Ignition temperature taken as temperature necessary for hot body immersed in gas to cause ignition; slow com- 

 bination may take place at lower temperatures. McDavid, J. Ch. Soc. Trans, in, 1003, 1917. Gases were mixed 

 with air. Practically same temperatures as with O2 (Dixon, Conrad, Inc. cit. 95, 1909). 



Benzene and air 1062 C 



Coal gas and air 878 



CO and air 93i 



Ether and air 1033 C 



Ethylene and air 1000 



Hydrogen and air 747 



TABLE 301. — Time of Heating for Explosive Decomposition 



Temperature ° C. 



Time. 



Black powder 



Smokeless powder A. 

 Smokeless powder B . 

 Celluloid Pyroxylin. . 

 Collodion cotton 



Celluloid * 



Safety matches 



Parlcr matches 



Cotton wool 



n, failure to explode in twenty minutes. * The decomposition of nitrocellulose in celluloid commences at about 

 100° C; above that the heat of decomposition may raise the mass to the ignition point if loss of heat is prevented. 

 Above 170 , decomposition occurs with explosive violence as with nitrocellulose. Rate of combustion is 5 to 10 times 

 that of poplar, pine, or paper of the same size and conditions. 



t Measured by contact with porcelain tube of given temperature. Average. 



t Measured by contact with molten lead. Average. 



Taken from Technologic Paper of Bureau of Standards,' No. 98, 1917- 



TABLE 302. — Flame Temperatures 



Measures made with optical pyrometer by Fery, J. de Phys. (4) 6, 1907. 



Smithsonian Tables. 



