6cj2 TABLES 858 {continued) AND 859 



OCEANOGRAPHY 



(See Nat. Res. Council Bull., 85, 1932.) 

 TABLE 858 {continued)- — Physical Properties of Sea Water (Thompson) 



Adiabatic cooling for sea water, chlorinity 19.29%, 2° C, when brought from various 

 depths to the surface (Ekman, Schott, Amer. Hydrogr. 321, 1914) : 



Depth, meters 1000 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 



Cooling, °C 0.06 .14 .36 .63 .96 1.33 



Color and transparency. — (See Atkins, Joum. Conseil, 1, 09, 1926.) Optically pure 

 water becomes bluer with depth. Green tints due to suspended matter. A rough measure 

 may be taken as the depth where a white immersed disk becomes just invisible ; coastal 

 water, 5 to 25 m, often 45 to 60 m. Max. record 66 m (Sargasso Sea). 



Density taken as So, sp. gr. at o° referred to distilled water at 4 . Density expressed as 

 o-o ■= (So — 1 ) 1000. <7o = — 0.069 + 1.4708 CI — 0.00157 Q 2 + 0.0000398 CI 3 . 



Chlorinity 5% 10% 15% 20% 



Density 0° C 5.45 10.90 20.35 25.81 



20 C 5.00 10.40 15.75 25.15 



Max. density °C 2.1 +0.1 — 1.9 —3.8 



Freezes °C 0.5 — 1.0 —1-5 —2.0 



Conductivity o°C .0085 .0160 .0235 .0305 Reciprocal ohms 



20 C .0140 .0265 .0385 .0500 



Refractive index . .0° C 1.3358 1-3376 1-3394 T -34i2 



20 C 1.3347 1.3364 i-338i 1-3397 



Sp. heat I7?s C -9971 -9954 -994 2 -9930 Atm. pressure 



Conductivity . . . . I7?5 C 1370. 1356. 1348. I34I- Thermal, all X io" 



Surface tension ....o°C 77.3 77. 5 77.7 77-85 Dynes/cm 



...20°C 73.7 73.9 74.1 74.3 



Sp. viscosity 0° C 1.015 1.030 1.045 1.060 "1 Referred to dis- 



10° C .74 -75.5 .765 .78 L tilled H 2 0, 1.00 



20 C .57 .58 -59 -605 J at o° C 



Velocity of sound : Chlorinity, 19.37% ; salinity, 35.00% 



Depth, meters o 2000 4000 6000 8000 



Velocity m/sec [i63o]20° C [1560 1590 1625 1660 i695]o° C 



TABLE 859. — Chemical Composition of Sea Water (Thompson, Robinson) 



Concentration as millimols or milligram atoms per kilogram 



Smithsonian Tables 



