NO. I THE HVPOTROCHANTERIC FOSSA HRDLICKA 7 



This led Evangeli-Tramond to the conchision that the fossa was 

 prohahly due to an excess of muscular activity at that locality. 



This talented worker also gave attention to the possihle connection 

 of the fossa with platymery and arrived at the conclusion that even 

 if the two characters " are in no way dependent, at least the more 

 or less accentuated platymery permits the hypotrochanteric fossa to 

 become developed proportionately ". 



In 1895 Lehmann-Nitsche, in his well-known work on the long 

 bones from the row-graves of Bavaria/' although not occupying him- 

 self especially with the fossa, found it in frequent (80 to 88.2 percent) 

 association with the subtrochanteric lip and was inclined to regard 

 it as standing in a causative relation to the lateral protrusion and 

 the flattening of the subtrochanteric region. Of 62 femora of his 

 Swabians and Alemans the fossa was present in 23 (37.1 percent). 

 In accordance with the views of previous authors he regarded the 

 fossa, the third trochanter, and the gluteal ridge as merely " die 

 einzelnen Formen des Insertionsstelle " of the gluteus maximus 



(P-4i)- 



Another study on the human and also the anthropoid femur, in 

 which the hypotrochanteric fossa is considered, was published in 1899 

 by Bumiiller." Of 407 modern and presumably German femora, he 

 found the fossa alone or in combination with the gluteal ridge or third 

 trochanter, in 200, or 49.1 percent. 



Bumiiller, however, no longer regarded the fossa as merely one of 

 the bony variants formed by or for the insertion of the gluteus 

 maximus ; it " was unjustly attributed hitherto to the gluteus " (p. 

 54). The action of this muscle is not conducive to the formation of 

 such a hollow. It cannot be assumed that the same muscle, on the 

 same bone, would possess two such wholly different forms of bony 

 formation for its insertion as the ridge and the fossa. With such 

 an assumption, moreover, it would be hard to understand why the 



les fibres charnues du vaste externe et le tendon du grand fessier il n'y aura 

 plus d'intervalle, partant plus de fossette." (Pp. 57, 58.) 



I may state, in this connection, that as Evangeli-Tramond's thesis was not 

 found in libraries in Washington, it did not become accessible to me until after 

 the present work and even the manuscript were completed ; so that all the 

 results to be found in this memoir were arrived at independently. 



" Lehmann-Nitsche, R., Beitrage zur physischen Anthropologic der Bajuvaren : 

 III. Untersuchungen iiber die langen Knochen der siidbayerischen Reihengraber- 

 bevolkerung. Beitr. Anthrop. Urgesch. Bayerns, Miuichen, vol. 11, nos. 3 and 4, 

 1894-95. 



"* Bumiiller, J., Das menschliche Femur nebst Beitriigen zur Kenntnis der 

 Affenfemora. Munich (Inaug.-Diss.), 1899. 



