NO. 8 DRAWINGS BY GEOKCiE GIBBS BUSHNELL 5 



reaching the tops of some of tlie highest mountain hills, where the view of 

 the adjacent country well rewarded us for our trouble; a few scattering hem- 

 locks were seen in the ravine where we made our encampment, and the distant 

 hills and ravines beyond were interspersed with several groves of cedar and 

 pine. Our encampment lay in a fork formed by Burntwood creek and a little 

 brook which falls into it . . .^ [PI. 3.] 



The party was now moving in several groups, and it is evident 

 that Gibbs was not always with Major Cross; this explains the 

 difference in the dates that often appear on the ^sketches made bv 

 Gibbs from those of the entries in the journal. 



On September 22, Gil)bs made a sketch of the Columliia from the 

 mouth of Deschutes River. From this point the wagon train, with 

 which Gibbs must have been traveling, moved southward up the right 

 l)ank of the Deschutes River. During the morning of Octoljer 2, 

 the train ascended the steep cliff' near the river. A sketch made 

 at that time reveals the wagons, each drawn by eight mules, form- 

 ing a long line extending from the camp at the foot of the cliffs to 

 the summit. It is an interesting drawing of a subject seldom recorded 



(Pl. 4). 



Leaving the Deschutes River, the expedition passed through the 

 Cascade Range, and, on October 5, Gibbs made several sketches of 

 the forest scenery, to which he attached the legends: "Burnt forest 

 in Cascade Mts.," and "Cascade Mts. Cedar & firs," and again on 

 October 9, "Forests of the Cascade Mts. Cedar & fir." 



The expedition had now arrived at its destination. Gibbs continued 

 on to Astoria where he became Deputy-collector of Customs, soon 

 to become attached to the Indian Commission. 



ON THE COLUMBIA RH'ER, AUTUMN OF 1850 



Two drawings of exceptional interest, made by Gil)bs on the banks 

 of the Columbia during the month of Octol)er 1850, are reproduced 

 in plates 5 and 6. 



The first of these shows the "Prow of dead Canoe on Bank of 

 Columbia river, at mouth of Chamus Creek," and is a beautiful 

 example of Gibbs' work. Chamus Creek is believed to have been the 

 stream now known as La Camas Creek, which Hows into the Columbia 

 River near the southeast corner of Clarke County, Washington, 

 about 15 miles above Vancouver. This was within the Chinookan 

 country. Whether this canoe was placed on a scaffold or rested on 



^ Burnt River flows eastward and joins .Snake River in the southern part of 

 Baker County, Oregon. 



