NO. l8 HILLERS-POWELL INDIAN PHOTOGRAPHS — STEWARD 9 



Of the five, flat, circular, coiled Kaibab trays (pis. 10, b, n, 12. 

 13, a, 16, b), it is probable that some are winnowing trays, especially 

 that shown in plate 11. 



Ollas or water jugs. — Some means of carrying water was an abso- 

 lute necessity on the long trips through the deserts. Tightly- woven, 

 pitch-coated ollas or jugs solved the problem quite adequately. 



Whereas Shoshoni and Northern Paiute ollas are twined and 

 generally have bottoms which taper to a point, Ute and Southern 

 Paiute specimens are predominantly coiled and spherical in shape, 

 like those of the early Basket Makers. The photographs show several 

 specimens among the Kaibab (pis. 11, 12, 9, a, b, 13, b, 16, a) and the 

 Ute (pi. 26, b, with the handles) all of which appear to be coiled. 

 The necks of these baskets are somewhat wider than those of the 

 Shoshoni and Northern Paiute, for example, plate 9, a. The neck 

 in plate 9, b, is even flaring. 



Receptacles. — Pottery has been recorded among both Southern 

 Paiute and Shoshoni Indians. It seems, however, to have been of 

 minor importance and no specimens appear in the photographs. For 

 general purposes requiring receptacles and even for boiling water, 

 basketry bowls were used. 



Several Kaibab and Ute coiled basketry bowls are illustrated. The 

 Kaibab examples (pis. 9, a, 10, b, 11, 12) range in form from exceed- 

 ingly shallow containers, approximating trays, to nearly hemispherical 

 bowls. Plate 12 shows a woman weaving a coiled bowl. The Ute 

 bowls (pi. 26, and, hanging from the tree, pi. 23, a) are very crudely 

 woven, narrow-mouthed, and deep. 



WEAPONS 



Bows. — Although the evidence of these photographs is insufficient 

 to postulate important local differences in bow types, several styles 

 appear to have been restricted to certain groups. 



Two Moapa bows in plate 1, b, are notable for their great length, 

 though a shorter Moapa bow appears in plate 2, a, b. None of these 

 have recurved ends. 



Bows with recurved ends are shown only among the Las Vegas 

 (pis. 5, a, b, 4, a, 6, b) . That in the left foreground of plate 4, a, is 

 clearly sinew-backed. The bow of extraordinary width in plate 5, c, 

 appears to be made of two pieces, joined at the grip, and is probably 

 of mountain sheep horn, which was widely used for bows among 

 these people. 



The Kaibab bows are comparatively short and lack the recurved 

 ends (several hanging on the right side and in the center of the house 



