NO. l8 HILLERS-POWELL INDIAN PHOTOGRAPHS STEWARD IO, 



HORSES 



There is abundant ethnographic evidence to indicate that although 

 the Southern Paiute rarely possessed horses, the Ute were well 

 provided with them. The photographs unfortunately show little per- 

 taining directly to the horse. It is of interest, however, that the few 

 illustrations of Southern Paiute horses show no special horse gear 

 which is evident among the Ute. The photograph in plate 30 shows 

 comparatively elaborate Ute horse trappings. The warrior and the 

 woman on horses in plate 26, a, also shows some horse gear. 



The Ute photograph in plate 30 is also of interest from the point 

 of view of art. It shows that, like several northern Plains tribes, 

 these Ute had two totally distinct design styles, which appear also on 

 some of their clothing. The floral designs on the horse trappings 

 doubtless had their ultimate origin in the far north. The geometric 

 designs on the bag suspended from the saddle, however, follow 

 more closely the conventions of Plains parfleche and other rawhide 

 ornamentation. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATES 



The following information is taken from the catalog of these photographs. 

 The number following the plate reference corresponds to that in the Bureau of 

 American Ethnology negative files. The tribal reference is a condensation of 

 catalog information, explained more fully below. The first title of each photo- 

 graph is from Powell. The second title, in parentheses, is from Hillers' catalog. 



The Powell catalog gives the following tribal references : 



Plate 1, a, "Paiute, vicinity of Cedar, Utah (on the Rio Virgen, a tributary of 

 the Colorado in southern Utah)." 



Plate 1, b to plate 3, b, inclusive, "Paiute, Moapa Valley." The Moapa Valley 

 is in southern Nevada. 



Plate 4, a, to plate 6, d, inclusive, "Paiute, the Vegas or Meadows in south- 

 western Nevada." This is doubtless the vicinity of the town of Las Vegas in 

 extreme southern Nevada, placing these people south of the Moapa Paiute. 



There is some question whether one or two groups are represented in the 

 photographs in plates 7 to 22. Plate 7 to plate 19 inclusive are cataloged as 

 "Paiute, Kaibab Plateau near the Grand Canyon of the Colorado in Northern 

 Arizona." Plates 20, 21, b, and 22 are named "Paiute, vicinity of St. George, 

 Utah on the Rio Virgen, a tributary of the Colorado in southern Utah," but 

 plate 21, a, is stated to be "Paiute, near St. George, Utah. Kaibab Plateau near 

 the Grand Canyon of the Colorado in northen Arizona." The last, however, is 

 probably an error in recording, for the Kaibab Plateau, though not far from 

 that portion of the Rio Virgen which flows through southwestern Utah, is not 

 itself in Utah. Moreover, the house in plate 21, b, is in the village shown in 

 plate 21, a. For this reason, all the photographs in plates 20 to 22 inclusive have 

 been taken to represent a separate group of Southern Paiute who are designated 

 St. George. 



