1134 Journal of Applied Microscopy 



salmon. It was fixed in Perenyi's fluid and stained in Heidenhain's haematoxy- 

 lin and Orange G. Especially careful study was made of hair-cells from the crista 

 and macula acoustica. In a salmon embryo of 150 days every cell from this 

 region has a black staining layer on its upper border, against the lymph space. 

 Next inside to stain is a similarly staining cone with a clearly marked apex 

 reaching down toward the nucleus. The hair-cell complete, possesses an in- 

 ternal point or hair which can clearly be shown to be formed of cilia fastened 

 together ; a basal layer shown by iron haematoxylin to be composed of deeply stain- 

 ing round bodies ; and a cone continued into the cell and staining deeply. This 

 whole series of parts, the hair, the layer, the cone, forms a definite organ, the 

 " hair apparatus or organ." The different parts of this organ correspond to the 

 special parts of the ciliated cell, the cilia, the basal bodies, the ciliary cone ; as 

 if it were a specialized or modified ciliated cell. The hair cell is, due to the 

 " hair organ," a specific form of cell which keeps the principal morphological fea- 

 tures of the ciliated cell. Probably this " hair apparatus " is the sensory organ 

 of the cell. The opponents of the Lenhossek-Henneguy hypothesis, concern- 

 ing the origin of the basal bodies from the centrosome, have not yet deprived 

 that theory of its probability. a. m. c. 



Heidenhain, M. Ueber die erste Entstehung It is customary to see the surface 

 der Schleimpfropfe beim Oberflachenepithel -^i i- r ., . , -^i -^ n 



des Magens. Anat. Anz. 18: 417-425 epithelium of the stomach with its cells 

 (4 abb.), 1900. full of mucous, a condition true of all 



animals from fishes upward throughout the vertebrate series. In view of this 

 fact special interest was aroused by finding the epithelial cells in the stomach of 

 a full grown specimen of Triton tceniatiis contain only a small quantity of 

 mucous. The mucous free cells showed on the free surface a striated border 

 similar to the well known " brush-border " described by Tovnier in different 

 glandular epithelia. In all these preparations the brush-borders show clearly in 

 the cells of the stomach glands, but in spite of the great resemblance of the 

 structures it is doubtful whether the border of fine protoplasmic hairs of the 

 surface epithelium is identical with the " brush-border " of gland cells. How- 

 ever, the term will still be used in this article. 



It is evident that the width of the border varies in different cells and the 

 striated border shows still more differences. The origin of the mucous plug 

 commonly seen in cells is by the pouring out of the mucous substance between 

 the rods of the brush-border, by which means the border increases in width 

 with an increase in the amount of mucous poured out. In this way forms the 

 convex mucous " goblet " without the direct participation of the original proto- 

 plasmic cell body. These preparations were stained in iron haematoxylin and 

 rubin, the haematoxylin being bleached until it remained only in the nucleus 

 centrosome and granules of glandular secretion ; the protoplasm stained solely 

 by the rubin. 



Very instructive preparations were obtained from a specimen of Trito)i 

 tcaniatus which showed a larger quantity of mucous. The brush-borders stand 

 in a close relation to the mucous and to the formation of the well known mucous 

 plug of the surface epithelium. Black-tinted protoplasmic threads rise from the 

 surface of the cell and are here thickened into root-like processes ; these latter 



