1258 Journal of Applied Microscopy 



cent, solution in 50 per cent, alcohol ; counterstaining in orange or eosin is very 

 satisfactory. This brings out very clearly and beautifully almost all kinds of 

 granules. Bordeau red is not so good as with sublimate and alcoholic fixation. 

 Another method which gave good results in many cases where iron- haematoxylin 

 failed, is anilin-water, fuchsin-anilin blue, according to Lugol's mixture. Ehrlich's 

 triacid is very good in tissues where cell infiltration has occurred, but is uncer- 

 tain in action. The stain must be made very concentrated in the original solu- 

 tion by warming it during the process. Taking up the stain with blotting paper, 

 and decolorizing with 95 per cent, alcohol is the best method. The results after 

 treatment with alcohol, acid, neutral or alkaline, differentiate connective tissue 

 cell granules, neutrophil and eosinophil granules, plasma-cell granules, and 

 clasmatocyte granules. Formol is as good for purposes of studying the cell 

 body as is Flemming's solution for the study of the nucleus. It is especially 

 necessary for the pathologist to make himself familiar with cell morphology 

 under all normal and post mortem conditions before the method is applied to 

 pathology. The method gives very fine differentiations, but must be used with 

 great care. As a point of warning, the author speaks of the necessity of killing 

 the animals used for cellular physiology by other means than chloroform, since 

 the action of this substance is to decrease the staining capacity of red blood- 

 cells in iron-hsematoxylin, and to make noticeable changes in the cell granules, 

 especially those of the liver and marrow cells. Guinea-pigs are killed by a blow 

 on the back of the neck, and mice by cutting off the head with shears, etc. 

 There is great difference in the staining capacity of different elements of the cell ; 

 liver, kidney, and bone-marrow are the easiest to stain, while those of the intestine 

 or stomach epithelium are difficult, and the larger granules of the salivary glands 

 always remain unstained. Those elements that do not stain in iron-haematoxylin 

 can often be brought out by anilin-fuchsin, Ehrlich's triacid, etc. If large and 

 small granules are present in the cells, they often stain differentially. 



A. M. C. 



Jolly, M. J. Recherches sur la division indi- The author gives first an extended 



recte des cellules lymphatique granuleuses historical review of the subject. His 



de la mole des os. Arch, d Anat. Microsc. . 



3: 168-228, 2 plche., 1900. (Reviewed in studies were chiefly on adult mammals. 



Zeit. f^wiss. Mikros. u. f. Mikros. Tech. 17: i^ ^^g laboratory, the Cobaya rabbit, 



360-363, 1900). ■' •' 



rat, mouse, dog, and cat ; from the 



market, calf, sheep, hare. Some rarer mammals, the bat and mole ; finally, man in 

 several stages, were studied. Besides these, the pigeon, hen, duck, and lizard were 

 also examined. Red marrow from the long bones was always used, in addition to 

 that from the sternum and the body of the vertebrae. In the lower mammals 

 there is a distinct separation between the red and yellow marrow, which is less 

 easily found in man. This is partly due to the uncertainty as to whether the 

 marrow was perfectly normal in the material in use. The bone marrow of 

 thirteen infants was examined, varying in age from eight days to two years, which 

 died of various diseases. The structure of the femur was always the same ; in 

 the middle of the diaphysis is a short canal filled with red marrow ; farther 

 towards the epiphysis is a spongy bone-tissue filled with red marrow. This was 

 very rich in cells, excepting in the case of two individuals who died of hereditary 



