1346 Journal of Applied Microscopy 



amphibians. Leiiciscus riifilus and Raiux escnlenta gave the best results. The 

 explanation offered for all of these phenomena has its basis in the osmotic effect 

 of the different solutions. r. p. 



^.j. „.. . , , „r ■. TT . u In a series of papers which have 



Kijanitzin, J. J. Weitere Untersuchungen ^ ^ 



iiber den Einfluss sterilisirter Luft auf appeared at intervals during several 

 Thiere. Virchow's Archiv, 162:515-533, j.g ^ Kijanitzin has given an 



Taf. 14, 1900. •' . . 



account of his experiments on the 



physiological effects of sterilized air on animals. The paper here considered 

 sums up the results which have thus far been gained and announces a conclu- 

 sion which, if proven by future investigation to be true, will be of great signifi- 

 cance with reference to the general subject of animal metabolism. The author 

 maintains that in addition to the oxygen of the air there are necessary for the 

 normal metabolism, and consequently the life of the animal, certain micro-organ- 

 isms. These micro-organisms, entering into the blood in the process of respira- 

 tion, are taken up by the leucocytes and digested. In the course of their diges- 

 tion an oxydising enzyme is given off. By the action of this enzyme under nor- 

 mal conditions oxidation processes in the tissues are brought about. The exper- 

 iments seem to show that in the absence of this enzyme the normal process of 

 oxidation in the animal quickly declines, and soon ceases altogether. The ani- 

 mal then dies on account of the formation of large quantities of incomplete, 

 intermediate products of metabolism (leucomaines). r. p. 



Weinland, E. Ueber den Glykogengehalt ein- I" ^n analysis of specimens of a tape- 

 iger parasitischer Wiirmer. Zeitschr. f. Biol. \^OXVa. {Tceuia expafisd) ZXi^ oi the par- 



' asitic nematode Ascaris, Weinland 



found a very high glycogen content in both cases. In Tcenia the glycogen 

 amounted to 1.5-4.7 per cent, of the fresh animal, while in Ascaris the amount 

 was 4.2-7.1 per cent, of the fresh animal. The amount of glycogen in the 

 dry substance was found to be in the case of Tcenia 1,5-47 per cent, while in 

 Ascaris it was from 20-34 per cent. The highest previously known glycogen 

 content was in the mussel Cardinm, 14 per cent, of the dry substance of which 

 is glycogen. In mammals the glycogen content is rarely more than ,3 per cent, 

 of the dry weight. The author discusses the chemical nature of the glycogen 

 obtained from these worms. R. p. 



„ ,, , J >,, . u «, » ^ , In this text-book the authors have 

 Macy, M. L., and Norris, H. W. A General 



Physiology for High Schools, Based upon endeavored tO bring all the conven- 

 the Nervous System, pp.408. (No date.) ^ioj^^j subject matter of the "high 

 American Book Company, New York. _ _ ° 



school physiology " under one point of 



view, and so treat its individual phases in their relation to a common basis. The 

 idea is commendable, but the choice of a basis, or view point, is not altogether 

 fortunate. The attempt is made to discuss all the structures and activities of 

 man's body as things primarily related to the nervous system. It will readily be 

 seen that such a method is a purely artificial one, and, from a physiological stand- 

 point, unsatisfactory. The detailed treatment of most of the topics is very good. 

 The most excellent features of the work are the sections devoted to laboratory 

 and demonstration methods for the use of the teacher. Some of the methods of 



