^^^6 Journal of Applied Microscopy 



CURRENT ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 



Charles A. Kofoid. 



Books and separates of papers on zoological subjects should be sent for review to 

 Charles A. Kofoid, University of California, Berkeley, California. 



Siedlecki. M. Contribution a I'etude des Monocystis ascidia develops within a 



changements cellulaires provoques par les cell of the intestinal epithelium of Cio7ia 



Gregarines. Arch, d' Anat. Micros. 4 : 87- ■,,•,■ r 1 •■ • 



100. Avec 9 figs., dans le texte. 1901. intestinalis from the sporozoite issumg 



from the sporocyst of the Gregarine in 

 the intestine. The presence of the parasite in the cell provokes at first an 

 hypertrophy of the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The chromatin is disorganized, 

 and the nucleolus increases in size. These changes are due to the chemical 

 action of the parasite. In material fixed in Flemming, or sublimate, the paras- 

 itized cells are but feebly stained by safranin, thionin, the various haematoxylins, 

 or the Biondi mixture. The infected and greatly hypertrophied cell is pushed 

 beneath the epithelial layer into a sac of connective tissue formed by the base- 

 ment membrane. From this sac the Monocystis escapes by passing through the 

 epithelial layer between the cells into the lumen of the digestive tract. Here it 

 attaches itself by means of its small amceboid projection upon the epithelial cells, 

 in which, however, it produces no pathological condition. Pterocephalus, parasitic 

 in Scolopendra, lies, in its adult stage, between the cells of the intestinal epithelium 

 attached to them by protoplasmic prolongations of the protomerite. The 

 changes in the epithelium due to its presence are purely mechanical. c. a. k. 



Miall, L. C, and Hammond, A. R. Structure and The revival of interest in the Diptera 

 Life-history of the Harlequin Fly. Pp. vi, which has resulted from the discovery 

 tq6. With 127 figs., and i pi. The Clar- , ^, , .^ ,, 



endon Press, O.xford, 1900. o* the agency of mosquitoes and house- 



flies in the spreading of disease makes 

 the publication of this book very opportune. Though Chironomiis is not itself 

 an obnoxious form, its structure and life-history are in many points so similar to 

 those of the Cidicidce^ that this work may well serve as a guide to students of 

 that group. The anatomy and histology of both the larvae and the adult are 

 treated in detail with abundant original illustrations, and comparisons with other 

 Diptera are frequently made. The habits, parasites, enemies, and the life- 

 history are fully described. 



Chironomus is widely distributed, and its larvae abound in every body of 

 fresh water, and also in some places in salt water in the littoral region. Slow, 

 muddy streams rich in decaying organic matter constitute the best collecting 

 grounds, and a long-handled ladle forms a good collecting instrument. Larvae 

 are easily reared in the laboratory in shallow aquaria with decaying vegetation. 

 High temperatures favor their rapid transformation. 



The study of the living larva is best made upon half-grown specimens 

 entangled in a nest of cotton-wool. The external structure is best seen in speci- 

 mens killed in Flemming's fluid, and the detail of the exoskeleton in specimens 

 treated for three days in a ten per cent, solution of caustic potash, and then 



