158 PROCEEDINGS OP THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. 



on the inner angle, the awns about as long as the body ; ray -achenes 

 narrowly margined and with the 2 outer awns usually tooth-like, tlie 

 inner one commonly long and slender. — Benth. in Oersted, Vidensk- 

 Meddel. 1852, p. 95. Z. nicaraguensis, C. Muell. in Walp. Ann. v. 

 226 (1858). — Central America. Specimens examined, — Guatemala: 

 Santa Rosa, J. D. Smith's sets nos. 378G, 4196; Aha Verapaz, J. D. 

 Smith's sets, nos. 1412, 7446; Beyde, no. 424; near Neuton, Nelson, no. 

 3515. Honduras: San Pedro Sula, Thieme ; no. 5320. Costa Rica : 

 Llanuros de Santa Clara, J. D. Smith's sets, nos. 6617, 6618; also 

 the following numbers of Pittier and assistants (Tonduz and Biolley) 

 1556, 3134, 4138, 4359, 4522, 4912, 4921, 5823, 7111, 7165, 7428, 

 8991, 12,911, 13,617. ? Vera Cruz (Mexico): Cordoba, Kerber, no. 

 59 (not characteristic). 



§ 2. AUCHENOCARPA. Leaves opposite or the uppermost alter- 

 nate: mature achenes winged (except in Z. aurantiaca, Z. lantanifolia, 

 and Z. strigosa), more or less constricted into a short neck bearing the 

 pappus, or the summit of the body rounded and bearing the awns 

 directly without any intervening neck ; the awns 1 to 3, long and slender 

 (or reduced to short teeth), not continuous with the margins of the wings. 



* Leaves small, the cauline2 to 3 or rarely 4 cm. long: outer involucral scales 

 squarrose, loose and enlarged, or the heads subtended by 2 or 3 leaf-like bracts. 



•4- Achenes not winged. 



27. Z. lantanifolia, Sch. Bip. Stem woody, branched, striate, 

 scabrous-hirtellous or subcauescent-pubescent above : leaves ovate, acute 

 at the apex, acuminate to subcordate at the base, 2 to 4 cm. long, irregu- 

 larly serrate or serrate-dentate, above papillose-strigose, beneath strigose- 

 hirsute, the veins promiuent on the under surface; petioles 5 to 10 mm. 

 long: peduncles solitary, 3 to 10 cm. long; heads 10 to 15 mm. high; 

 involucre 10 to 12 mm. broad, 3-5-seriate, subtended by 4 leaves, 2 of 

 these being scarcely larger than the ovate acute or abruptly acuminate 

 proper involucral scales : ligules very showy, considerably exceeding the 

 disk-flowers : achenes pubescent, those of the ray-flowers 2 to 3 mm. long, 

 1 mm. wide, abruptly rounded or subtruncate at the summit, with usually 

 1 very fragile awn and several minute squamellae ; achenes of the disk- 

 flowers ovate, 3 to 4 mm. long, 1 to 2 mm. wide, with 2 unequal awns 

 (one of these about as long as the body) and usually a few minute 

 squamellae. — Sch. Bip. in Seemann, Bot. Voy. Herald, 806 (1852-57); 

 Hemsl. Biol. Cent. -Am. Bot. ii. 173. Lipochaeta lantanifolia, Sch. Bip. 

 Linnaea, xix. 729 (1847). — Central Mexico. Specimens examined, — 



