216 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. 



II. Conjunctions of Limit. 



eW is used by Herodotus in clauses of contemporaneity 10 times: 

 in nine cases it expresses limit, and means " as long as " ; once only 

 (3, 134) it expresses partial coextensiou and means "while."* 



The particle 8e is found in the apodosis, after a clause with eW, in four 

 passages: 1, 17 '3; 1, 165; 9, 6, 70.f I quote one of these examples, 



1, 173 : fcoy pev 8r) avrwv SapnrjBcov ^px f - °' ^ (Kakeovro . . . TepplXai • <£s de 



e£ 'AOrjvewv Avkos . . ■ drriKfTo . . ., ovtcc 817, k.t.A. Fuchs (Li. c.) explains 

 the fuv in these passages as having reference both to the 8e of the main 

 clause and to the Se used with the following temporal conjunction. As 

 a matter of fact, there is almost no opposition in meaning between the 

 p.ev and the first 8e ; the real contrast is between the p.kv and the follow- 

 ing temporal clause. The first S« is inserted partly on account of the 

 demonstrative nl (17), which is used in each case, and partly on account 

 of the tendency of Herodotus to introduce Be in the apodosis where there 

 is no true opposition. Buttmann | cites a case exactly similar to ours, 



in 4, 126 : ei pev yap . . . , ah 8e . . . , ei 8e . . . av fie kcu ovtcd, k.t.A., 



and says : "Inter particulars p'tv igitur et primum 8e nulla hie est relatio ; 

 sed p.ev spectat ad veram opposition em quae est inter utrumque totius ser- 

 monis membrum referturque ad secundum 8e quod est in altera protasi." 



eare is used, meaning " as long as," six times. Fuchs is clearly wrong 

 in saying that eVre, 3. 53, means " until." It always refers in Herodotus 

 to the future sphere, and in each case it is in oratio obliqua. 



Forms of oaos. 



The dative of oaos with ev, and the accusative of extent are used in 

 clauses of contemporaneity to express limit, iv oaw is used absolutely 

 once, 3, 150 ; oaov is used with xP° vov eight times, and alone only once, 

 7, 161. 



* Fuchs, op. cit, p. 74, is in error in saying that ews, 3, 134, means " as long as"; 

 and has omitted examples of ecus in 2, 57 ; 4, 165 ; and 9, 70. 



t Cf. Sagawe, Se im Nachsatz bei Herodot, Breslau, 1893, p. 9 ; and Fuchs, op. 

 cit., p. 74. 



X Demostlienis in Midian , Berolini, 1883, ed. alt., p. 155. 



