840 JAMES MUNSON BARNARD. 



procuring the writing and the publication, at his own expense, of 

 papers upon mental disease, and especially the means of its prevention. 

 These he distributed in large numbers wherever he found that they 

 would be of service. In all this he was assisted by the sympathy and 

 advice of physicians in charge of hospitals for the insane, both public 

 and private. Among these papers the most noticeable, perhaps, are a 

 little book upon " Sanity of Mind," written for him by Dr. David F. 

 Lincoln, and a brief sketch, by Mr. Francis Tiffany, of the "Life of 

 Dr. Philippe Pinel." This was accompanied by a large photograph of 

 the celebrated painting by Tony Robert-Fleury, representing Dr. Pinel 

 striking the fetters from the inmates of the Salpetriere, which hangs on 

 the walls of that hospital. 



At the same time he came to take an increasing interest in the 

 subject of jurisprudence, and especially in international law, and in 

 the promotion of universal peace. This may have sprung from an 

 inherited predisposition, for his father's father, Mr. Samuel Barnard 

 of Deerfield, was, a century ago, one of the eminent legal practitioners 

 of western Massachusetts, known up and down the Connecticut River by 

 the affectionate and by no means disrespectful name of " Lawyer Sam." 

 Here also he had papers of value translated and distributed, especially 

 from the writings of Grotius, and besides these more important under- 

 takings he was constantly in the habit of reprinting and distributing 

 anything that he had found specially interesting or that he thought 

 would be serviceable to others. 



The modest scale of living which he had adopted, and which was 

 entirely in accordance with the simplicity of his personal tastes, made 

 it possible for him thus to spend money with considerable freedom. 

 Besides making frequent gifts of books on these subjects to public 

 libraries, both here and abroad, he accumulated several hundred par- 

 ticularly well-chosen volumes upon jurisprudence for his own reading. 

 These, by his will, he bequeathed to the Harvard Law School, together 

 with a sum of money for the increase of their number. This also 

 brought him into personal relations, both abroad and in this country, 

 which, in the somewhat secluded life which he habitually led, were a 

 constant source of satisfaction. These relations were extended and 

 confirmed, from time to time, by brief visits to England and to the 

 Continent. He thus made the acquaintance, among others, of Sir Henry 

 Sumner Maine, of Dr. von Holsendorff in Berlin, and of Mr. John 

 Stuart Mill, with whom he maintained for a number of years a frequent 

 correspondence, and who wrote of him that " he knew of no American 



