OP ARTS AND SCIENCES. 333 



refers all three forms (R. lucida, luimilis, and nitida) to one species, 

 R. lucida. So also in the Southern States, tlie " Dwarf Rose " of 

 dry soils and woods, which A. M. Curtis had correctly known in 

 1834 as R. parvijlora, was called R. lucida by him in his Shrubs of 

 iV. Carolina (18G0), and by Chapman in the Flora of the Southern 

 States, of the same year. 



The most thorough treatise upon any portion of the genus that had 

 yet appeared was that of C. A. Meyer, Ueher die Zimmtrosen, in 1847. 

 He discusses the comparative value of different characters, and is the 

 first to distinguish the Carolina group of species (" Rosce operculatce ") 

 as distinct from R. hlanda and its allies. His determinations, how- 

 ever, are of less value respecting our species from the want of material 

 and his consequent dependence upon the work of others. Tlie spe- 

 cies placed by liim in liis section of Cinnamon Roses are R. hlanda, 

 stricta, Woodsii, and Califo7-nica. 



In 1849 Presl described in the Epimelice under the name of i?. Nut- 

 kana, and from specimens that had been collected by Haenke on 

 Vancouver Island early in the century, the same species that had 

 been collected previously by Menzies and by various collectors after- 

 wards, and which had been referred both to R. fraxinifolia and to 

 R. cinnamomea. Presl's name was long overlooked, until brought 

 forward by Crej)in. 



At about this time began the long series of collections that have 

 been made in our western territories, mainly in connection with gov- 

 ernment expeditions and suryeys. Tlie determination of the roses 

 of these collections vfas attended with the usual dilliculties. AVhile 

 l^ntVjiW's, R. foliolosa and R. gijmnocarpa were easily recognized, the 

 general reference of all the other forms of the interior and of Califor- 

 nia was to R. hlanda. In the Botany of Whipple's Report, Dr. Tor- 

 rey refers to that species not only R. fraxinifolia (i. e., R. Nutkana)^ 

 but R. Californica and R. Woodsii. Three species at the most were 

 at any time recognized, — the large-Howered northern R. fraxinifolia, 

 the R. C(difornica of the coast, and R. hlanda, which included all the 

 rest. In 1872 Dr. Gray gave the wixvae, R. pisocarpa to a rose col- 

 lected by Hall on the Lower Columbia, and in 1874 Poiter in the 

 Flora of Colorado separated, under the name of R. Arkansana, a 

 common form of the Rocky Mountain region that had been collected 

 long before and often, from Texas to British America. 



The most important publication of all upon American roses has 

 been in the Primitice Monorpaphicc Rosarum of Crepin, during 1875 

 and 187G, — a general w^ork upon which he is still patiently laboring. 



