82 FOYE. 



circular island of Ono, some 4 miles in diameter. The other islands 

 of the group are small ash and agglomerate remnants distributed 

 over the northern part of the lagoon. 



Kandavu is a long, rambling island separated into three nearly 

 equal portions by constrictions. The isthmus connecting the central 

 and western portions is so low that boats are dragged across by means 

 of a tram-line. 



Kandavu is built of andesitic flows and agglomerates of different 

 ages. The eastern di^■ision of the island is sub-maturely eroded, 

 but in the extreme west it includes a young volcano, Mbuke Levu, 

 whose slopes are very slightly altered. 



This topographic variety indicates a fairly complex history. No 

 mention has hitherto been made of limestones in Kandavu, but the 

 writer found a series of silicified rocks, charged with cavities, which 

 have all the appearances of silicified limestones. These rocks out- 

 crop at the head of a bay in the middle of the southern coast of the 

 eastern segment of the island. Back of the little village of Kandavu, 

 they form a series of cliffs, 100 feet in height, over which a stream 

 cascades. The stream drains sub-mature hills of andesite in the 

 interior. The silica introduced into the altered limestone was prob- 

 ably derived from the andesite which overlies the limestone. The 

 limestones rest on an irregular surface of brecciated volcanic rocks, 

 resembling rhyolitic tuffs but may possibly be a silicified andesitic ash. 

 The accompanying cross-section, (Figure 40), shows the relations of 

 the rock types. The limestones may have been formed in one of the 

 periods of crustal quiescence which have interrupted volcanic activity 

 in the island. 



The coast of Kandavu gives immediate evidence of subsidence. 

 It is the best example of an embayed shore-line known in Fiji. This is 

 specially true in the south, where every little ri^•er emptying into the 

 head or side of a bay shows a delta flat and flood plain. The same 

 relations hold in Ono. 



The John Wesley Bluffs at the northeastern siile (northern coast) 

 of the western segment of the island represent one of the striking 

 features. The bluffs are nearly vertical and rise to a height of 150 to 

 200 feet. Since there is no barrier reef off the coast, it may be reasoned 

 that the bluffs were formed by wa^'e-cutting. However, the highest 

 cliffs are those which do not receive the full force of the waves but 

 rather are situated along a sheltered bay-side. If waAC-action had cut 

 back the coast at this point, there should be a sea-cut bench' in front 

 of the cliffs; yet near the cliffs the depths reach 107 fathoms, and, at 



