320 ROBINSON. 



2-3 cm. long and 2-4 mm. w ide, obscurely 3-ribbed, the basal spatulate- 

 oblanceolate, sometimes as much as 8-12 mm. wide, more clearly 

 3-ribbed, narrowed to a petiole-like base; peduncles erect or ascend- 

 ing, 1-headed, 3-8(-15) cm. long; heads 12-14 mm. high, about 1 cm. 

 in diameter, the disk at maturity strongly convex; involucre turbinate- 

 subcylindric, about 3-seriate; inner scales lance-oblong, obtusish and 

 often erose-marcescent at the tip, 3-5-nerved, the intermediate pro- 

 gressively shorter, acute to attenuate, the outermost linear to filiform, 

 usually ciliate and often spreading at the attenuate apex; receptacle 

 convex; corollas pale purple; achenes black, 5-ribbed but usually'- 

 more or less compressed, hispid on the paler ribs or subglabrous. — 

 Nov. Gen. et Spec. iv. 120 (1820); Bak. in Mart. Fl. Bras. vi. pt. 2, 

 342, t. 90, f. 1 (1876), where the range is extended to Colombia; 

 Hieron. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xxii. 782-3 (1897), where also credited 

 to Colombia. For extended synonymy see Bak. 1. c. 



Colombia.: Htiviholdt & Bonpland, and Funck, no. 223, ace. to Bak. 1. c. 

 [Venezuela to Paraguay and Peru.] 



It is suspected that the particular specimens on the basis of which 

 Baker ascribed this species to Colombia may ha^'e come from 

 Venezuela, yet there is even in that event much likelihood that this 

 weed-like annual widely distributed in South America occurs in 

 Colombia. 



Sect. V. CoNOCLiNiUM (DC.) Benth. Involucre campanulate; 

 the scales acute, subequal or more often moderately graduated, mostly 

 2-4-seriate, persisting (except some of the innermost) after the fall 

 of the achenes. Receptacle conical, naked. — Benth. ex Bak. in 

 Mart. Fl. Bras. vi. pt. 2, 360 (1876); Hoft'm. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. 

 Pflanzenf. iv. Abt. 5, 140 (1890). ConocUmum DC. Prod. v. 135 

 (1836). — Herbaceous or suffruticose plants, chiefly perennial, rarely 

 annual. 



Key to Species. 



a. Leaves 3(-5)-nerv('d from slightly above the base h. 



b. Leaves (often alternate) mostly 2-5 cm. long, softly mem- 

 branaceous; teeth rounded, (7-)9-14 on each side.SO. E. baUotaefoIium. 

 b. Leaves (opjicsite) very small, 4-15 mm. long (sometimes 

 larger in no. 84, coriaceous; crenatures o-5(-8) on each 

 side c. 



c. Leaves covered above with rather coarse white hairs d. 

 d. Flowering stems nearly naked and scapelike above the 

 dccimibent leafy ba.se; leaves oval, rounded at base 

 then somewhat cuneately narrowed to the petiole. .81. E. humile. 



